Microarray Markets

A microarray is an arrangement of miniaturized test sites or "spots" on a surface. Each spot is usually no more than 250 micrometers in diameter and contains biological molecules--usually DNA or protein--which act as probes for a test sample applied to the array. The surface may be a glass slide, a plastic plate with wells or a polymer bead. The microarray format allows many tests or experiments to be performed simultaneously, in parallel, leading to the generation of huge amounts of biological information for the application of only a tiny amount of sample. Microarrays are often also known as "biochips". The purpose of this TriMark Publications report is to describe the specific segment of the microarray market aimed at analysis of proteins and DNA. Protein microarray applications include: 1) expression profiling; 2) serum-based diagnostics; 3) protein-protein binding assays; 4 drug-target binding; and 5) receptor epitope binding. It examines the market for DNA and protein array testing equipment and supplies using screening reagents and instruments for analysis of individual components in blood, serum or plasma. It defines the dollar volume of sales, both worldwide and in the U.S., and analyzes the factors that influence the size and the growth of the market segments. Also examined are the subsections of each market segment, including the research labs, hospital labs, and commercial laboratories. Additionally, the numbers of institutions using this type of testing and the factors that influence purchases are discussed.
 
The report surveys almost all of the companies known to be marketing, manufacturing or developing instruments and reagents for the protein array market in the U.S. Each company is discussed in depth with a section on its history, product line, business and marketing analysis, and a subjective commentary of the company's market position.

1. Overview 4
1.1 Statement of Report 4
1.2 About This Report 4
1.3 Scope of the Report 5
1.4 Objectives 6
1.5 Methodology 6
1.6 Executive Summary 7

2. Overview of Microarrays 9
2.1 History of Microarrays 10
2.2 Genomics and Proteomics 11
2.2.1 Genetic Variability and Disease 12
2.3 General Theory of Microarrays 12
2.4 DNA Microarrays 14
2.5 Protein Microarrays 16
2.6 Tissue Microarrays 17

3. DNA Microarrays 19
3.1 Advantages and Drivers 19
3.2 Limitations and Barriers to Commercialization 20
3.3 DNA Microarray Technology Platforms 21
3.3.1 Reasons Why Researchers Utilize DNA Microarrays 25
3.3.2 Factors for Difficulties Applying DNA Microarrays Technology 25
3.4 Key Attributes of DNA Microarray Software 26
3.5 Applications 26
3.6 Future Directions for DNA Microarray Technology 31
3.6.1 High-Throughput Array Technology 32
3.6.2 Emerging Microarray Trends 34
3.6.3 Emerging Microarray Applications 34
3.6.4 Key Points for Developing Microarray Based Applications 35
3.7 Competitive Landscape for DNA Microarrays 35

4. Protein Microarrays 36
4.1 Critical Factors for Microarray Content 36
4.2 Key Findings on Use of Microarrays 36
4.3 Advantages and Drivers 37
4.4 Limitations and Barriers to Commercialization 39
4.5 Key Experimental Parameters of Protein Microarray Technology for Current and Future Users 41
4.6 Reasons Why Researchers Utilize Protein Microarrays 42
4.7 Factors for Adoption of Protein Microarrays Technology 42
4.8 Top Suppliers of Protein Microarray Slides and Products 43
4.9 Factors that Influence Sale Decisions 43
4.10 Future Innovations in Protein Microarray Technology 43

5. Current DNA Microarrays 44
5.1 Key Players 44
5.2.1 Microarray-Based Commercial Genotyping Activity 46
5.2.2 Location Analysis 46
5.3 Future Innovations in DNA Microarray Technology 47

6. Current Protein Microarrays 48
6.1 Protein Profiling Microarrays-Antibody Arrays 48
6.2 Protein Profiling Microarrays-Reverse Phase Microarrays 50
6.3 Multiplex Sandwich Microarrays-Planar 51
6.4 Multiplex Sandwich Immunoassays-Bead Based 54
6.5 Microarrays for Protein Function Studies 56
6.6 High Growth Applications 58
6.6.1 Cytokine Arrays 58
6.6.2 Whole Proteome Arrays 58
6.6.3 Microarray-Based Commercial Genotyping Activity 59
6.6.3.1 Microarray-Based Genotyping Applications 59
6.6.3.2 Microbial Applications 60
6.6.3.3 The Market for Microbial Genotyping Products 61
6.6.3.4 Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) 61
6.6.4 ChIP-on-Chip Analysis 62

7. Technology 64
7.1 Production of Microarrays 64
7.2 2-D Versus 3-D Technology 66
7.3 Substrates and Surface Chemistries 67
7.4 Detection Methods 69
7.5 Instruments 69
7.6 Data Management and Informatics in Gene Expression 69

8. Applications 70
8.1 DNA Microarrays in Gene Expression 70
8.2 DNA Microarrays in SNP Analysis 73
8.3 DNA Microarrays in Cancer 74
8.4 Protein Expression 74
8.4.1 Cytokine Applications 75
8.4.2 Protein Function 75
8.4.3 Protein-Protein Interactions 76
8.5 Target /Biomarker Discovery 76
8.6 Drug Discovery and Development (Gene and Protein Microarrays) 77
8.7 Clinical Diagnostics (Gene and Protein Microarrays) 77
8.8 RNA Microarrays 78
8.9 Oligo Microarrays 79
8.10 Yeast Microarrays 79
8.11 Antibody Arrays 79
8.12 Arrays for Toxicogenomics 80

9. The Commercial Opportunity for Microarrays 81
9.1 Market Drivers for Microarrays 81
9.2 Market Restraints for Microarrays 81
9.3 Key Players 82
9.4 Market Size, Strategic Trends and Competitive Landscape for Protein Arrays 84
9.5 Marketing and Distribution 86
9.6 Protein Arrays Market Analysis 87
9.7 Genes Associated with Major Diseases 88
9.8 Software and Data Analysis 88
9.8.1 Supplier of DNA Microarray Analysis Software 89
9.8.2 Satisfaction with Software Features 89
9.8.3 Satisfaction with Software 89
9.8.4 Supplier Factors in Software Purchase Decision 89
9.8.5 Suppliers' Role in Improving Data Sharing for DNA Microarrays 89

10. Company Profiles 90
10.1 Manufacturers 127

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 6.1: Cytokines and Growth Factors: Sources of Microarrays for Cytokine Research 58
Figure 8.1: Microbial Genotyping: Applications for DNA Microarrays 73
Figure 8.2: Source of Variation in Microarray Data 78
Figure 8.3: Toxicogenomics: DNA Microarrays 80

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1: Microarray Product Revenue: Arrays, Reagents and Instruments, 2005 and 2010 19
Table 3.2: Microarray Market Drivers 20
Table 3.3: Microarray Market Barriers 20
Table 3.4: Unit Pricing of DNA Microarrays, 2000-2010 21
Table 3.5: Steps in the Design and Implementation of a DNA Microarray Experiment 23
Table 3.6: Microarray Applications 26
Table 3.7: List of DNA Array Manufacturers 28
Table 4.1: Critical Factors for Microarray Content 36
Table 4.2: Top Three Suppliers of Treated Protein Microarray Surfaces for Self-Printing 43
Table 4.3: Top Suppliers of Commercially Available Protein Microarrays 43
Table 4.4: Top Suppliers of Protein Microarray Readers 43
Table 5.1: Affymetrix Sales of Probe Arrays, 2000-2007 44
Table 5.2: Affymetrix Total Product Sales, 1999-2007 45
Table 5.3: Affymetrix Instrument Sales, 2000-2007 45
Table 6.1: Microarray Genetic Testing 59
Table 6.2: ChIP-on-Chip Microarray Market Size Projections, 2005-2011 62
Table 8.1: Applications of Biochips by Class 70
Table 8.2: Diagnostics Microarray Market Size Projections, 2005-2011 71
Table 8.3: HTS Microarray Market Size Projections, 2005-2011 71
Table 8.4: Pharmacogenomics Microarray Market Size Projections, 2005-2011 71
Table 8.5: Toxicology Screening Microarray Market Size Projections, 2005-2011 71
Table 8.6: Expression Profiling Microarray Market Size Projections, 2005-2011 72
Table 9.1: Market Share of Microarray Products, 2006 82
Table 9.2: Affymetrix Product Sales 83
Table 9.3: Leading Microarray Companies 83
Table 9.4: Worldwide Microarray Market Size, 2004-2012 84
Table 9.5: Microarray Market Share by Technology Type 85
Table 9.6: DNA Microarray U.S. Market Size, 2005-2011 85
Table 9.7: DNA Microarray Worldwide Market Size, 2002-2011 85
Table 9.8: Biochip Market by Usage, 2003 and 2007 86