Arcade Machines Market - Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

Abstract
A Arcade Machine, also known as a video arcade machine or video coin-op, is the housing within which a video arcade game's hardware resides. Most cabinets designed since the mid-1980s conform to the JAMMA wiring standard. Some include additional connectors for features not included in the standard.
This report contains market size and forecasts of Arcade Machines in global, including the following market information:

Global Arcade Machines Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)
Global Arcade Machines Market Sales, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, (K Units)
Global top five Arcade Machines companies in 2021 (%)
The global Arcade Machines market was valued at million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.
Upright Machine Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of Arcade Machines include BMI Gaming, Dream Arcades, Neo Legend, Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE), Bally Manufacturing, Stern Electronics, Arcade Machines and Adrenaline Amusements, etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Arcade Machines manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.

Total Market by Segment:
Global Arcade Machines Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Arcade Machines Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)
Upright Machine
Cocktail or Table Machine
Candy Machine
Deluxe Machine
Cockpit and Environmental Machine
Mini Machine
Countertop Machine
Large-scale Satellite Machines
Global Arcade Machines Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Arcade Machines Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)
Game Hall
Supermarket
Other
Global Arcade Machines Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Arcade Machines Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa

Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Arcade Machines revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Arcade Machines revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)
Key companies Arcade Machines sales in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), (K Units)
Key companies Arcade Machines sales share in global market, 2021 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
BMI Gaming
Dream Arcades
Neo Legend
Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE)
Bally Manufacturing
Stern Electronics
Arcade Machines
Adrenaline Amusements

Content
Table of Contents

1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Arcade Machines Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Arcade Machines Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Arcade Machines Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Arcade Machines Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Arcade Machines Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Arcade Machines Sales: 2017-2028
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Arcade Machines Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Arcade Machines Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Arcade Machines Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Arcade Machines Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Arcade Machines Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Arcade Machines Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Arcade Machines Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Arcade Machines Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Arcade Machines Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Arcade Machines Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Arcade Machines Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
4.1.2 Upright Machine
4.1.3 Cocktail or Table Machine
4.1.4 Candy Machine
4.1.5 Deluxe Machine
4.1.6 Cockpit and Environmental Machine
4.1.7 Mini Machine
4.1.8 Countertop Machine
4.1.9 Large-scale Satellite Machines
4.2 By Type - Global Arcade Machines Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Arcade Machines Revenue, 2017-2022
4.2.2 By Type - Global Arcade Machines Revenue, 2023-2028
4.2.3 By Type - Global Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Arcade Machines Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global Arcade Machines Sales, 2017-2022
4.3.2 By Type - Global Arcade Machines Sales, 2023-2028
4.3.3 By Type - Global Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Arcade Machines Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
5 Sights By Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Arcade Machines Market Size, 2021 & 2028
5.1.2 Game Hall
5.1.3 Supermarket
5.1.4 Other
5.2 By Application - Global Arcade Machines Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Arcade Machines Revenue, 2017-2022
5.2.2 By Application - Global Arcade Machines Revenue, 2023-2028
5.2.3 By Application - Global Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Arcade Machines Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Arcade Machines Sales, 2017-2022
5.3.2 By Application - Global Arcade Machines Sales, 2023-2028
5.3.3 By Application - Global Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Arcade Machines Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Arcade Machines Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Arcade Machines Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Arcade Machines Revenue, 2017-2022
6.2.2 By Region - Global Arcade Machines Revenue, 2023-2028
6.2.3 By Region - Global Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Arcade Machines Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Arcade Machines Sales, 2017-2022
6.3.2 By Region - Global Arcade Machines Sales, 2023-2028
6.3.3 By Region - Global Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Arcade Machines Revenue, 2017-2028
6.4.2 By Country - North America Arcade Machines Sales, 2017-2028
6.4.3 US Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.4 Canada Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.5 Mexico Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Arcade Machines Revenue, 2017-2028
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Arcade Machines Sales, 2017-2028
6.5.3 Germany Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.4 France Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.5 U.K. Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.6 Italy Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.7 Russia Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.9 Benelux Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Arcade Machines Revenue, 2017-2028
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Arcade Machines Sales, 2017-2028
6.6.3 China Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.4 Japan Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.5 South Korea Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.7 India Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Arcade Machines Revenue, 2017-2028
6.7.2 By Country - South America Arcade Machines Sales, 2017-2028
6.7.3 Brazil Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.4 Argentina Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Arcade Machines Revenue, 2017-2028
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Arcade Machines Sales, 2017-2028
6.8.3 Turkey Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.4 Israel Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.6 UAE Arcade Machines Market Size, 2017-2028
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 BMI Gaming
7.1.1 BMI Gaming Corporate Summary
7.1.2 BMI Gaming Business Overview
7.1.3 BMI Gaming Arcade Machines Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 BMI Gaming Arcade Machines Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.1.5 BMI Gaming Key News
7.2 Dream Arcades
7.2.1 Dream Arcades Corporate Summary
7.2.2 Dream Arcades Business Overview
7.2.3 Dream Arcades Arcade Machines Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Dream Arcades Arcade Machines Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.2.5 Dream Arcades Key News
7.3 Neo Legend
7.3.1 Neo Legend Corporate Summary
7.3.2 Neo Legend Business Overview
7.3.3 Neo Legend Arcade Machines Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Neo Legend Arcade Machines Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.3.5 Neo Legend Key News
7.4 Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE)
7.4.1 Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE) Corporate Summary
7.4.2 Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE) Business Overview
7.4.3 Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE) Arcade Machines Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE) Arcade Machines Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.4.5 Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE) Key News
7.5 Bally Manufacturing
7.5.1 Bally Manufacturing Corporate Summary
7.5.2 Bally Manufacturing Business Overview
7.5.3 Bally Manufacturing Arcade Machines Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Bally Manufacturing Arcade Machines Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.5.5 Bally Manufacturing Key News
7.6 Stern Electronics
7.6.1 Stern Electronics Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Stern Electronics Business Overview
7.6.3 Stern Electronics Arcade Machines Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Stern Electronics Arcade Machines Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.6.5 Stern Electronics Key News
7.7 Arcade Machines
7.7.1 Arcade Machines Corporate Summary
7.7.2 Arcade Machines Business Overview
7.7.3 Arcade Machines Arcade Machines Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Arcade Machines Arcade Machines Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.7.5 Arcade Machines Key News
7.8 Adrenaline Amusements
7.8.1 Adrenaline Amusements Corporate Summary
7.8.2 Adrenaline Amusements Business Overview
7.8.3 Adrenaline Amusements Arcade Machines Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Adrenaline Amusements Arcade Machines Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.8.5 Adrenaline Amusements Key News
8 Global Arcade Machines Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Arcade Machines Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Arcade Machines Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Arcade Machines Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Arcade Machines Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Arcade Machines Industry Value Chain
10.2 Arcade Machines Upstream Market
10.3 Arcade Machines Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Arcade Machines Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer

List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Arcade Machines in Global Market
Table 2. Top Arcade Machines Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Arcade Machines Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Arcade Machines Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Arcade Machines Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Arcade Machines Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Arcade Machines Price (2017-2022) & (USD/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Arcade Machines Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Arcade Machines Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Arcade Machines Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Arcade Machines Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Arcade Machines Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application – Global Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Arcade Machines Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Arcade Machines Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region – Global Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Arcade Machines Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Arcade Machines Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Arcade Machines Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Arcade Machines Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Arcade Machines Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Arcade Machines Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Arcade Machines Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Arcade Machines Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Arcade Machines Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Arcade Machines Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Arcade Machines Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Arcade Machines Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. BMI Gaming Corporate Summary
Table 47. BMI Gaming Arcade Machines Product Offerings
Table 48. BMI Gaming Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. Dream Arcades Corporate Summary
Table 50. Dream Arcades Arcade Machines Product Offerings
Table 51. Dream Arcades Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. Neo Legend Corporate Summary
Table 53. Neo Legend Arcade Machines Product Offerings
Table 54. Neo Legend Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE) Corporate Summary
Table 56. Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE) Arcade Machines Product Offerings
Table 57. Innovative Concepts in Entertainment(ICE) Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Bally Manufacturing Corporate Summary
Table 59. Bally Manufacturing Arcade Machines Product Offerings
Table 60. Bally Manufacturing Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. Stern Electronics Corporate Summary
Table 62. Stern Electronics Arcade Machines Product Offerings
Table 63. Stern Electronics Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. Arcade Machines Corporate Summary
Table 65. Arcade Machines Arcade Machines Product Offerings
Table 66. Arcade Machines Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. Adrenaline Amusements Corporate Summary
Table 68. Adrenaline Amusements Arcade Machines Product Offerings
Table 69. Adrenaline Amusements Arcade Machines Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. Arcade Machines Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 71. Global Arcade Machines Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 72. Global Arcade Machines Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 73. Global Arcade Machines Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 74. Arcade Machines Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 75. Arcade Machines Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 76. Arcade Machines Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 77. Arcade Machines Raw Materials
Table 78. Arcade Machines Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 79. Typical Arcade Machines Downstream
Table 80. Arcade Machines Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 81. Arcade Machines Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market

List of Figures
Figure 1. Arcade Machines Segment by Type
Figure 2. Arcade Machines Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Arcade Machines Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Arcade Machines Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Arcade Machines Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Arcade Machines Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Arcade Machines Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Arcade Machines Price (USD/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Arcade Machines Price (USD/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Arcade Machines Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Arcade Machines Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Arcade Machines Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Arcade Machines Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Arcade Machines by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Arcade Machines Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels