Abstract Global Coverslipper Market Overview: Global Coverslipper Market Report 2022 comes with the extensive industry analysis by Introspective Market Research with development components, patterns, flows and sizes. The report also calculates present and past market values to forecast potential market management through the forecast period between 2022-2028.This research study of Coverslipper involved the extensive usage of both primary and secondary data sources. This includes the study of various parameters affecting the industry, including the government policy, market environment, competitive landscape, historical data, present trends in the market, technological innovation, upcoming technologies and the technical progress in related industry.
Scope of the Coverslipper Market The Coverslipper Market Research report incorporate value chain analysis for each of the product type. Value chain analysis offers in depth information about value addition at each stage.The study includes drivers and restraints for Coverslipper Market along with their impact on demand during the forecast period. The study also provides key market indicators affecting thegrowth of the market. Research report includes major key player analysis with shares of each player inside market, growth rate and market attractiveness in different endusers/regions. Our study Coverslipper Market helps user to make precise decision in order to expand their market presence and increase market share.
Impact of COVID-19 on Coverslipper Market Report covers Impact of Coronavirus COVID-19: Since the COVID-19 virus outbreak in December 2019, the disease has spread to almost every country around the globe with the World Health Organization declaring it a public health emergency. The global impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are already starting to be felt, and will significantly affect the Coverslipper market in 2020. The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought effects on many aspects, like flight cancellations; travel bans and quarantines; restaurants closed; all indoor/outdoor events restricted; over forty countries state of emergency declared; massive slowing of the supply chain; stock market volatility; falling business confidence, growing panic among the population, and uncertainty about future.
Global Coverslipper Market Segmentation Global Coverslipper Market Research report comprises of Porter's five forces analysis to do the detail study about its each segmentation like Product segmentation, End user/application segment analysis and Major key players analysis mentioned as below;
By Type, Coverslipper market has been segmented into: Glass Coverslipper Film Coverslipper
By Application, Coverslipper market has been segmented into: Small Sized Hospital Medium Sized Hospital Large Sized Hospital Mega Sized Hospital Others
Regional Analysis: North America (U.S., Canada, Mexico) Europe (Germany, U.K., France, Italy, Russia, Spain, Rest of Europe) Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Rest of APAC) South America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of SA) Middle East & Africa (Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Iran, UAE, Africa, Rest of MEA)
Competitive Landscape: Competitive analysis is the study of strength and weakness, market investment, market share, market sales volume, market trends of major players in the market.The Coverslipper market study focused on including all the primary level, secondary level and tertiary level competitors in the report. The data generated by conducting the primary and secondary research.The report covers detail analysis of driver, constraints and scope for new players entering the Coverslipper market.
Top Key Players Covered in Coverslipper market are:
Leica Thermo Scientific Sakura Finetek Agilent General Data MEDITE
Objective to buy this Report: 1. Coverslipper analysis predicts the representation of this market, supply and demand, capacity, detailed investigations, etc. 2. Even the report, along with the international series, conducts an in-depth study of rules, policies and current policy. 3. In addition, additional factors are mentioned: imports, arrangement of commodity prices for the market, supply and demand of industry products, major manufacturers. 4. The report starts with Coverslipper market statistics and moves to important points, with dependent markets categorized by market trend by application. 5. Applications of market may also be assessed based on their performances. 6. Other market attributes, such as future aspects, limitations and growth for all departments.
Content Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Research Objectives 1.2 Research Methodology 1.3 Research Process 1.4 Scope and Coverage 1.4.1 Market Definition 1.4.2 Key Questions Answered 1.5 Market Segmentation
Chapter 2:Executive Summary
Chapter 3:Growth Opportunities By Segment 3.1 By Type 3.2 By Application
Chapter 4: Market Landscape 4.1 Porter's Five Forces Analysis 4.1.1 Bargaining Power of Supplier 4.1.2 Threat of New Entrants 4.1.3 Threat of Substitutes 4.1.4 Competitive Rivalry 4.1.5 Bargaining Power Among Buyers 4.2 Industry Value Chain Analysis 4.3 Market Dynamics 4.3.1 Drivers 4.3.2 Restraints 4.3.3 Opportunities 4.5.4 Challenges 4.4 Pestle Analysis 4.5 Technological Roadmap 4.6 Regulatory Landscape 4.7 SWOT Analysis 4.8 Price Trend Analysis 4.9 Patent Analysis 4.10 Analysis of the Impact of Covid-19 4.10.1 Impact on the Overall Market 4.10.2 Impact on the Supply Chain 4.10.3 Impact on the Key Manufacturers 4.10.4 Impact on the Pricing
Chapter 5: Coverslipper Market by Type 5.1 Coverslipper Market Overview Snapshot and Growth Engine 5.2 Coverslipper Market Overview 5.3 Glass Coverslipper 5.3.1 Introduction and Market Overview 5.3.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 5.3.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 5.3.4 Glass Coverslipper: Geographic Segmentation 5.4 Film Coverslipper 5.4.1 Introduction and Market Overview 5.4.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 5.4.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 5.4.4 Film Coverslipper: Geographic Segmentation
Chapter 6: Coverslipper Market by Application 6.1 Coverslipper Market Overview Snapshot and Growth Engine 6.2 Coverslipper Market Overview 6.3 Small Sized Hospital 6.3.1 Introduction and Market Overview 6.3.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 6.3.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 6.3.4 Small Sized Hospital: Geographic Segmentation 6.4 Medium Sized Hospital 6.4.1 Introduction and Market Overview 6.4.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 6.4.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 6.4.4 Medium Sized Hospital: Geographic Segmentation 6.5 Large Sized Hospital 6.5.1 Introduction and Market Overview 6.5.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 6.5.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 6.5.4 Large Sized Hospital: Geographic Segmentation 6.6 Mega Sized Hospital 6.6.1 Introduction and Market Overview 6.6.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 6.6.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 6.6.4 Mega Sized Hospital: Geographic Segmentation 6.7 Others 6.7.1 Introduction and Market Overview 6.7.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 6.7.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 6.7.4 Others: Geographic Segmentation
Chapter 7: Company Profiles and Competitive Analysis 7.1 Competitive Landscape 7.1.1 Competitive Positioning 7.1.2 Coverslipper Sales and Market Share By Players 7.1.3 Industry BCG Matrix 7.1.4 Heat Map Analysis 7.1.5 Coverslipper Industry Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI) 7.1.6 Top 5 Coverslipper Players Market Share 7.1.7 Mergers and Acquisitions 7.1.8 Business Strategies By Top Players 7.2 LEICA 7.2.1 Company Overview 7.2.2 Key Executives 7.2.3 Company Snapshot 7.2.4 Operating Business Segments 7.2.5 Product Portfolio 7.2.6 Business Performance 7.2.7 Key Strategic Moves and Recent Developments 7.2.8 SWOT Analysis 7.3 THERMO SCIENTIFIC 7.4 SAKURA FINETEK 7.5 AGILENT 7.6 GENERAL DATA 7.7 MEDITE
Chapter 8: Global Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 8.1 Market Overview 8.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 8.2.1 Glass Coverslipper 8.2.2 Film Coverslipper 8.3 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 8.3.1 Small Sized Hospital 8.3.2 Medium Sized Hospital 8.3.3 Large Sized Hospital 8.3.4 Mega Sized Hospital 8.3.5 Others
Chapter 9: North America Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 9.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 9.2 Impact of Covid-19 9.3 Key Players 9.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 9.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 9.4.1 Glass Coverslipper 9.4.2 Film Coverslipper 9.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 9.5.1 Small Sized Hospital 9.5.2 Medium Sized Hospital 9.5.3 Large Sized Hospital 9.5.4 Mega Sized Hospital 9.5.5 Others 9.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country 9.6.1 U.S. 9.6.2 Canada 9.6.3 Mexico
Chapter 10: Europe Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 10.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 10.2 Impact of Covid-19 10.3 Key Players 10.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 10.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 10.4.1 Glass Coverslipper 10.4.2 Film Coverslipper 10.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 10.5.1 Small Sized Hospital 10.5.2 Medium Sized Hospital 10.5.3 Large Sized Hospital 10.5.4 Mega Sized Hospital 10.5.5 Others 10.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country 10.6.1 Germany 10.6.2 U.K. 10.6.3 France 10.6.4 Italy 10.6.5 Russia 10.6.6 Spain 10.6.7 Rest of Europe
Chapter 11: Asia-Pacific Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 11.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 11.2 Impact of Covid-19 11.3 Key Players 11.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 11.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 11.4.1 Glass Coverslipper 11.4.2 Film Coverslipper 11.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 11.5.1 Small Sized Hospital 11.5.2 Medium Sized Hospital 11.5.3 Large Sized Hospital 11.5.4 Mega Sized Hospital 11.5.5 Others 11.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country 11.6.1 China 11.6.2 India 11.6.3 Japan 11.6.4 Singapore 11.6.5 Australia 11.6.6 New Zealand 11.6.7 Rest of APAC
Chapter 12: Middle East & Africa Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 12.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 12.2 Impact of Covid-19 12.3 Key Players 12.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 12.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 12.4.1 Glass Coverslipper 12.4.2 Film Coverslipper 12.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 12.5.1 Small Sized Hospital 12.5.2 Medium Sized Hospital 12.5.3 Large Sized Hospital 12.5.4 Mega Sized Hospital 12.5.5 Others 12.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country 12.6.1 Turkey 12.6.2 Saudi Arabia 12.6.3 Iran 12.6.4 UAE 12.6.5 Africa 12.6.6 Rest of MEA
Chapter 13: South America Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 13.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 13.2 Impact of Covid-19 13.3 Key Players 13.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 13.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 13.4.1 Glass Coverslipper 13.4.2 Film Coverslipper 13.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 13.5.1 Small Sized Hospital 13.5.2 Medium Sized Hospital 13.5.3 Large Sized Hospital 13.5.4 Mega Sized Hospital 13.5.5 Others 13.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country 13.6.1 Brazil 13.6.2 Argentina 13.6.3 Rest of SA
Global Coverslipper Market Overview: Global Coverslipper Market Report 2022 comes with the extensive industry analysis by Introspective Market Research with development components, patterns, flows and sizes. The report also calculates present and past market values to forecast potential market management through the forecast period between 2022-2028.This research study of Coverslipper involved the extensive usage of both primary and secondary data sources. This includes the study of various parameters affecting the industry, including the government policy, market environment, competitive landscape, historical data, present trends in the market, technological innovation, upcoming technologies and the technical progress in related industry.
Scope of the Coverslipper Market The Coverslipper Market Research report incorporate value chain analysis for each of the product type. Value chain analysis offers in depth information about value addition at each stage.The study includes drivers and restraints for Coverslipper Market along with their impact on demand during the forecast period. The study also provides key market indicators affecting thegrowth of the market. Research report includes major key player analysis with shares of each player inside market, growth rate and market attractiveness in different endusers/regions. Our study Coverslipper Market helps user to make precise decision in order to expand their market presence and increase market share.
Impact of COVID-19 on Coverslipper Market Report covers Impact of Coronavirus COVID-19: Since the COVID-19 virus outbreak in December 2019, the disease has spread to almost every country around the globe with the World Health Organization declaring it a public health emergency. The global impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are already starting to be felt, and will significantly affect the Coverslipper market in 2020. The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought effects on many aspects, like flight cancellations; travel bans and quarantines; restaurants closed; all indoor/outdoor events restricted; over forty countries state of emergency declared; massive slowing of the supply chain; stock market volatility; falling business confidence, growing panic among the population, and uncertainty about future.
Global Coverslipper Market Segmentation Global Coverslipper Market Research report comprises of Porter's five forces analysis to do the detail study about its each segmentation like Product segmentation, End user/application segment analysis and Major key players analysis mentioned as below;
By Type, Coverslipper market has been segmented into: Glass Coverslipper Film Coverslipper
By Application, Coverslipper market has been segmented into: Small Sized Hospital Medium Sized Hospital Large Sized Hospital Mega Sized Hospital Others
Regional Analysis: North America (U.S., Canada, Mexico) Europe (Germany, U.K., France, Italy, Russia, Spain, Rest of Europe) Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Rest of APAC) South America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of SA) Middle East & Africa (Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Iran, UAE, Africa, Rest of MEA)
Competitive Landscape: Competitive analysis is the study of strength and weakness, market investment, market share, market sales volume, market trends of major players in the market.The Coverslipper market study focused on including all the primary level, secondary level and tertiary level competitors in the report. The data generated by conducting the primary and secondary research.The report covers detail analysis of driver, constraints and scope for new players entering the Coverslipper market.
Top Key Players Covered in Coverslipper market are:
Leica Thermo Scientific Sakura Finetek Agilent General Data MEDITE
Objective to buy this Report: 1. Coverslipper analysis predicts the representation of this market, supply and demand, capacity, detailed investigations, etc. 2. Even the report, along with the international series, conducts an in-depth study of rules, policies and current policy. 3. In addition, additional factors are mentioned: imports, arrangement of commodity prices for the market, supply and demand of industry products, major manufacturers. 4. The report starts with Coverslipper market statistics and moves to important points, with dependent markets categorized by market trend by application. 5. Applications of market may also be assessed based on their performances. 6. Other market attributes, such as future aspects, limitations and growth for all departments.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Research Objectives 1.2 Research Methodology 1.3 Research Process 1.4 Scope and Coverage 1.4.1 Market Definition 1.4.2 Key Questions Answered 1.5 Market Segmentation
Chapter 2:Executive Summary
Chapter 3:Growth Opportunities By Segment 3.1 By Type 3.2 By Application
Chapter 4: Market Landscape 4.1 Porter's Five Forces Analysis 4.1.1 Bargaining Power of Supplier 4.1.2 Threat of New Entrants 4.1.3 Threat of Substitutes 4.1.4 Competitive Rivalry 4.1.5 Bargaining Power Among Buyers 4.2 Industry Value Chain Analysis 4.3 Market Dynamics 4.3.1 Drivers 4.3.2 Restraints 4.3.3 Opportunities 4.5.4 Challenges 4.4 Pestle Analysis 4.5 Technological Roadmap 4.6 Regulatory Landscape 4.7 SWOT Analysis 4.8 Price Trend Analysis 4.9 Patent Analysis 4.10 Analysis of the Impact of Covid-19 4.10.1 Impact on the Overall Market 4.10.2 Impact on the Supply Chain 4.10.3 Impact on the Key Manufacturers 4.10.4 Impact on the Pricing
Chapter 5: Coverslipper Market by Type 5.1 Coverslipper Market Overview Snapshot and Growth Engine 5.2 Coverslipper Market Overview 5.3 Glass Coverslipper 5.3.1 Introduction and Market Overview 5.3.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 5.3.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 5.3.4 Glass Coverslipper: Geographic Segmentation 5.4 Film Coverslipper 5.4.1 Introduction and Market Overview 5.4.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 5.4.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 5.4.4 Film Coverslipper: Geographic Segmentation
Chapter 6: Coverslipper Market by Application 6.1 Coverslipper Market Overview Snapshot and Growth Engine 6.2 Coverslipper Market Overview 6.3 Small Sized Hospital 6.3.1 Introduction and Market Overview 6.3.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 6.3.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 6.3.4 Small Sized Hospital: Geographic Segmentation 6.4 Medium Sized Hospital 6.4.1 Introduction and Market Overview 6.4.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 6.4.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 6.4.4 Medium Sized Hospital: Geographic Segmentation 6.5 Large Sized Hospital 6.5.1 Introduction and Market Overview 6.5.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 6.5.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 6.5.4 Large Sized Hospital: Geographic Segmentation 6.6 Mega Sized Hospital 6.6.1 Introduction and Market Overview 6.6.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 6.6.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 6.6.4 Mega Sized Hospital: Geographic Segmentation 6.7 Others 6.7.1 Introduction and Market Overview 6.7.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size (2016-2028F) 6.7.3 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 6.7.4 Others: Geographic Segmentation
Chapter 7: Company Profiles and Competitive Analysis 7.1 Competitive Landscape 7.1.1 Competitive Positioning 7.1.2 Coverslipper Sales and Market Share By Players 7.1.3 Industry BCG Matrix 7.1.4 Heat Map Analysis 7.1.5 Coverslipper Industry Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI) 7.1.6 Top 5 Coverslipper Players Market Share 7.1.7 Mergers and Acquisitions 7.1.8 Business Strategies By Top Players 7.2 LEICA 7.2.1 Company Overview 7.2.2 Key Executives 7.2.3 Company Snapshot 7.2.4 Operating Business Segments 7.2.5 Product Portfolio 7.2.6 Business Performance 7.2.7 Key Strategic Moves and Recent Developments 7.2.8 SWOT Analysis 7.3 THERMO SCIENTIFIC 7.4 SAKURA FINETEK 7.5 AGILENT 7.6 GENERAL DATA 7.7 MEDITE
Chapter 8: Global Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 8.1 Market Overview 8.2 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 8.2.1 Glass Coverslipper 8.2.2 Film Coverslipper 8.3 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 8.3.1 Small Sized Hospital 8.3.2 Medium Sized Hospital 8.3.3 Large Sized Hospital 8.3.4 Mega Sized Hospital 8.3.5 Others
Chapter 9: North America Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 9.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 9.2 Impact of Covid-19 9.3 Key Players 9.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 9.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 9.4.1 Glass Coverslipper 9.4.2 Film Coverslipper 9.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 9.5.1 Small Sized Hospital 9.5.2 Medium Sized Hospital 9.5.3 Large Sized Hospital 9.5.4 Mega Sized Hospital 9.5.5 Others 9.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country 9.6.1 U.S. 9.6.2 Canada 9.6.3 Mexico
Chapter 10: Europe Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 10.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 10.2 Impact of Covid-19 10.3 Key Players 10.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 10.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 10.4.1 Glass Coverslipper 10.4.2 Film Coverslipper 10.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 10.5.1 Small Sized Hospital 10.5.2 Medium Sized Hospital 10.5.3 Large Sized Hospital 10.5.4 Mega Sized Hospital 10.5.5 Others 10.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country 10.6.1 Germany 10.6.2 U.K. 10.6.3 France 10.6.4 Italy 10.6.5 Russia 10.6.6 Spain 10.6.7 Rest of Europe
Chapter 11: Asia-Pacific Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 11.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 11.2 Impact of Covid-19 11.3 Key Players 11.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 11.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 11.4.1 Glass Coverslipper 11.4.2 Film Coverslipper 11.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 11.5.1 Small Sized Hospital 11.5.2 Medium Sized Hospital 11.5.3 Large Sized Hospital 11.5.4 Mega Sized Hospital 11.5.5 Others 11.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country 11.6.1 China 11.6.2 India 11.6.3 Japan 11.6.4 Singapore 11.6.5 Australia 11.6.6 New Zealand 11.6.7 Rest of APAC
Chapter 12: Middle East & Africa Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 12.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 12.2 Impact of Covid-19 12.3 Key Players 12.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 12.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 12.4.1 Glass Coverslipper 12.4.2 Film Coverslipper 12.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 12.5.1 Small Sized Hospital 12.5.2 Medium Sized Hospital 12.5.3 Large Sized Hospital 12.5.4 Mega Sized Hospital 12.5.5 Others 12.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country 12.6.1 Turkey 12.6.2 Saudi Arabia 12.6.3 Iran 12.6.4 UAE 12.6.5 Africa 12.6.6 Rest of MEA
Chapter 13: South America Coverslipper Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2016-2028 13.1 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 13.2 Impact of Covid-19 13.3 Key Players 13.4 Key Market Trends, Growth Factors and Opportunities 13.4 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Type 13.4.1 Glass Coverslipper 13.4.2 Film Coverslipper 13.5 Historic and Forecasted Market Size By Application 13.5.1 Small Sized Hospital 13.5.2 Medium Sized Hospital 13.5.3 Large Sized Hospital 13.5.4 Mega Sized Hospital 13.5.5 Others 13.6 Historic and Forecast Market Size by Country 13.6.1 Brazil 13.6.2 Argentina 13.6.3 Rest of SA