FSO & VLC/Li-Fi Market by FSO Component, FSO Application, FSO Vertical, VLC Component (LED, Photodetector, Microcontroller, Software), Transmission Type, VLC Application and Region (Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific and RoW) - Global Forecast to 2028
FSO & VLC/Li-Fi Market by FSO Component, FSO Application, FSO Vertical, VLC Component (LED, Photodetector, Microcontroller, Software), Transmission Type, VLC Application and Region (Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific and RoW) - Global Forecast to 2028
Abstract
The FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market is projected to grow from USD 3.3 billion in 2023 to USD 18.2 billion by 2028, registering a CAGR of 40.3% during the forecast period. Key factors fueling the growth of this market include the alternative solution to overburdened RF technology for outdoor networking, last-mile connectivity, faster and safer data transfer than other challenging technologies, and less energy consumption by LEDs.
The demand for Li-Fi technology is increasing across the world to provide secure communications with high data bandwidth, and so on. Various applications such as healthcare, consumer electronics, defense, and commercial create a strong demand for FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market due to efficient industrial operations and thus drive the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market growth. However, the high price of FSO is hindering the growth of the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market.
"Market for healthcare and underwater communication applications to grow at higher CAGR during forecast period"
The FSO market for healthcare applications and the VLC market for underwater communication applications are expected to grow with the highest CAGR during the forecast period. FSOs are hugely deployed in healthcare applications where wireless communication through radio waves is not allowed due to potential health hazards. On the other hand, underwater communications rely on acoustic technologies that limit the speeds to a fraction of terrestrial wireless systems. RF does not work underwater, but visible light can support high-speed data transmission over short distances in this environment. VLC can be a safe alternative to RF communication and serve the purpose of this untapped application area.
"Asia Pacific to witness highest growth among other regions during forecast period"
Asia Pacific is expected to dominate the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market during the forecast period. The region is projected to account for the largest share of the FSO and VLC by 2025. The FSO and VLC market here is expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Increasing manufacturing facilities, advanced infrastructure, and the growing computer-aided design (CAD) industry are driving the FSO market here. Also, with the recent developments and increased expenditure on VLC-related R&D activities, the Asia Pacific region is expected to be the fastest-growing market for VLC during the forecast period. Similarly, end-user industries such as automotive, aerospace & defense, and consumer electronics are expected to create huge opportunities for VLC or Li-Fi solution providers.
In determining and verifying the market size for several segments and subsegments gathered through secondary research, extensive primary interviews have been conducted with key industry experts in the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market.
The break-up of primary participants for the report is as shown below:
•By company type: Tier 1—45 %, Tier 2—30%, and Tier 3—25%
•By designation: C-Level Executives—30%, Directors—25%, and Others—45%
•By region: North America—45%, Europe—30%, Asia Pacific—2s0%, and RoW—5%
The report profiles key players in the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market with their respective market ranking analyses. Prominent players profiled in this report include fSONA Networks Corp. (Canada), Wireless Excellence Limited (UK), Signify Holding (Netherlands), Oledcomm (France), Lucibel (France), pureLiFi Limited (UK), Acuity Brands (US), Panasonic Corporation (Japan), Fraunhofer HHI (Germany), and Trimble Hungary (Hungary), among others.
Research coverage
This research report categorizes the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market based on component, transmission type, application, vertical, and region. The report describes the major drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities pertaining to the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market and forecasts the same till 2028. The report also consists of leadership mapping and analysis of companies in the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi ecosystem.
Key benefits of buying report
The report will help market leaders/new entrants with information on the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market and the subsegments. This report will help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights to better position their businesses and plan suitable go-to-market strategies. The report also helps stakeholders understand the market's pulse and provides information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
Content
Table of Contents
1INTRODUCTION32
1.1STUDY OBJECTIVES32
1.2MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE32
1.2.1INCLUSIONS & EXCLUSIONS33
1.3STUDY SCOPE34
FIGURE 1FSO MARKET: SEGMENTATION34
FIGURE 2VLC/LI-FI MARKET: SEGMENTATION35
1.3.1YEARS CONSIDERED35
1.4CURRENCY36
1.5VOLUME UNIT CONSIDERED36
1.6LIMITATIONS36
1.7STAKEHOLDERS36
1.8SUMMARY OF CHANGES37
2RESEARCH METHODOLOGY38
2.1RESEARCH DATA38
FIGURE 3FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN38
2.1.1SECONDARY DATA39
2.1.1.1Major secondary sources39
2.1.1.2Key data from secondary sources39
2.1.2PRIMARY DATA40
2.1.2.1Key data from primary sources40
2.1.2.2Breakdown of primaries41
2.1.3SECONDARY AND PRIMARY RESEARCH42
2.1.3.1Key industry insights43
2.2MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION43
2.2.1BOTTOM-UP APPROACH44
2.2.1.1Estimating market size through bottom-up approach (demand side)44
FIGURE 4MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: APPROACH 1 BOTTOM-UP (SUPPLY SIDE)— REVENUE GENERATED BY COMPANIES IN FSO
AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET45
FIGURE 5FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH45
2.2.2TOP-DOWN APPROACH45
2.2.2.1Methodology to capture market size using top-down approach46
FIGURE 6MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: APPROACH 2 (SUPPLY SIDE): ILLUSTRATION OF REVENUE ESTIMATION FOR ONE COMPANY IN
FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET46
FIGURE 7FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: TOP-DOWN APPROACH46
2.3MARKET BREAKDOWN AND DATA TRIANGULATION47
FIGURE 8DATA TRIANGULATION47
2.4RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS48
2.5LIMITATIONS48
2.6RISK ASSESSMENT48
3EXECUTIVE SUMMARY49
FIGURE 9FSO MARKET FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT APPLICATION TO DOMINATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD50
FIGURE 10VLC/LI-FI MARKET, IN TERMS OF VALUE, BY COMPONENT, 2023 VS. 202851
FIGURE 11VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION APPLICATION TO RECORD HIGHEST CAGR FROM 2023 TO 202851
FIGURE 12FSO AND VLC /LI-FI MARKET FOR ASIA PACIFIC TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE52
4PREMIUM INSIGHTS53
4.1ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET53
FIGURE 13GROWING DEMAND FOR HIGH-SPEED INTERNET CONNECTIVITY TO BOOST FSO MARKET GROWTH53
FIGURE 14INCREASING USE OF SMART LIGHTING SOLUTIONS TO BOOST
VLC/LI-FI MARKET GROWTH53
4.2VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY TRANSMISSION TYPE54
FIGURE 15BIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION SEGMENT TO RECORD HIGHER CAGR FROM 2023 TO 202854
4.3FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY APPLICATION54
FIGURE 16MOBILE BACKHAUL AND SMART STORES APPLICATIONS ACCOUNTED FOR LARGEST SHARES OF FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKETS, RESPECTIVELY, IN 202254
4.4FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY REGION55
FIGURE 17FSO MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC TO RECORD HIGHEST CAGR FROM
2023 TO 202855
FIGURE 18VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC TO RECORD HIGHEST CAGR FROM 2023 TO 202855
5MARKET OVERVIEW56
5.1INTRODUCTION56
5.2MARKET DYNAMICS56
FIGURE 19FSO MARKET: MARKET DYNAMICS56
FIGURE 20VLC/LI-FI MARKET: MARKET DYNAMICS57
5.2.1DRIVERS57
5.2.1.1FSO market57
5.2.1.1.1Effective alternative to RF technology for outdoor networking57
5.2.1.1.2Limited last mile connectivity57
FIGURE 21FSO MARKET: IMPACT OF DRIVERS58
5.2.1.2VLC/Li-Fi market58
5.2.1.2.1Ability to offer faster and safer data transfer58
5.2.1.2.2High growth of LEDs due to low energy consumption59
FIGURE 22LED LIGHTING SALES IN NET ZERO SCENARIO, 2016–203059
FIGURE 23VLC/LI-FI MARKET: IMPACT OF DRIVERS60
5.2.2RESTRAINTS60
5.2.2.1FSO market60
5.2.2.1.1High installation cost for FSO solutions60
FIGURE 24FSO MARKET: IMPACT OF RESTRAINTS60
5.2.2.2VLC/Li-Fi market60
5.2.2.2.1Suited only to short-range communication applications60
FIGURE 25VLC/LI-FI MARKET: IMPACT OF RESTRAINTS61
5.2.3OPPORTUNITIES61
5.2.3.1FSO market61
5.2.3.1.1Increasing preference for FSO over RF in space programs61
TABLE 1RF VS. FSO FOR SPACE PROGRAMS61
FIGURE 26FSO MARKET: IMPACT OF OPPORTUNITIES62
5.2.3.2VLC/Li-Fi market62
5.2.3.2.1Growing adoption of Li-Fi in various industries62
5.2.3.2.2Emergence of new applications such as IoT and 5G62
FIGURE 27VLC/LI-FI MARKET: IMPACT OF OPPORTUNITIES63
5.2.4CHALLENGES64
5.2.4.1FSO market64
5.2.4.1.1Reliability issues due to fading of signals during propagation64
TABLE 2POWER LOSS IN FSO SYSTEMS DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL INTERFERENCE64
FIGURE 28FSO MARKET: IMPACT OF CHALLENGES65
5.2.4.2VLC/Li-Fi market65
5.2.4.2.1Lack of technological awareness65
FIGURE 29VLC/LI-FI MARKET: IMPACT OF CHALLENGES65
5.3VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS65
FIGURE 30VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS: MAJOR VALUE ADDED TO FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET66
5.4ECOSYSTEM/MARKET MAP68
FIGURE 31FSO AND VLC/LI-FI ECOSYSTEM68
TABLE 3COMPANIES AND THEIR ROLE IN FSO AND VLC/LI-FI ECOSYSTEM69
5.5PRICING ANALYSIS70
5.5.1AVERAGE SELLING PRICE (ASP) OF VARIOUS FSO AND VLC/LI-FI SOLUTIONS70
TABLE 4AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF FSO AND LI-FI SOLUTIONS FROM 2021 TO 202270
FIGURE 32AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF KEY LI-FI PLAYERS (USD)71
TABLE 5AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF KEY LI-FI PLAYERS (USD)71
5.6TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMERS’ BUSINESSES71
5.6.1REVENUE SHIFT & NEW REVENUE POCKETS FOR FSO AND
VLC/LI-FI PROVIDERS72
FIGURE 33REVENUE SHIFT FOR FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET72
5.7TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS72
5.7.1O2 TELEFONICA USES LI-FI FOR 5G AND BEYOND72
5.7.2ACUITY BRANDS, INC. OFFERS LI-FI TECHNOLOGY FOR RETAIL ENTITIES72
5.7.3ELIOT DEVELOPS IOT APPLICATIONS BASED ON LI-FI73
5.8PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS73
TABLE 6IMPACT OF PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ON FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET73
FIGURE 34PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS: FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET74
5.8.1INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY74
5.8.2BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS74
5.8.3BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS75
5.8.4THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES75
5.8.5THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS75
5.9KEY STAKEHOLDERS & BUYING CRITERIA75
5.9.1KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS75
FIGURE 35INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP THREE FSO APPLICATIONS75
TABLE 7INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP THREE FSO APPLICATIONS (%)76
FIGURE 36INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP THREE VLC/LI-FI APPLICATIONS76
TABLE 8INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP THREE VLC/LI-FI APPLICATIONS (%)76
5.9.2BUYING CRITERIA77
FIGURE 37KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE FSO APPLICATIONS77
TABLE 9KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE FSO APPLICATIONS77
FIGURE 38KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE VLC/LI-FI APPLICATIONS77
TABLE 10KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE VLC/LI-FI APPLICATIONS78
5.10CASE STUDY ANALYSIS78
TABLE 11EC SYSTEM’S FSO SYSTEM PROVIDES WIRELESS POINT-TO-POINT CONNECTION78
TABLE 12EC SYSTEM’S CABLE-FREE OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYED IN EBENE CYBER CITY IN MAURITIUS79
TABLE 13BABCOCK USES LI-FI TO IMPROVE INFORMATION GATHERING79
5.11TRADE ANALYSIS80
FIGURE 39IMPORT DATA, BY COUNTRY, 2017−2021 (USD THOUSAND)80
FIGURE 40EXPORT DATA, BY COUNTRY, 2017−2021 (USD THOUSAND)81
5.12PATENT ANALYSIS82
FIGURE 41COMPANIES WITH HIGHEST NUMBER OF FSO PATENT APPLICATIONS IN LAST 10 YEARS82
TABLE 14TOP 20 FSO PATENT OWNERS IN LAST 10 YEARS82
FIGURE 42NUMBER OF FSO PATENTS GRANTED PER YEAR, 2012−202283
FIGURE 43COMPANIES WITH HIGHEST NUMBER OF VLC/LI-FI PATENT APPLICATIONS IN LAST 10 YEARS83
TABLE 15TOP 20 VLC/LI-FI PATENT OWNERS IN LAST 10 YEARS84
FIGURE 44NUMBER OF VLC/LI-FI PATENTS GRANTED PER YEAR, 2012−202285
5.12.1MAJOR PATENTS85
TABLE 16MAJOR PATENTS IN FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET85
5.13KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2022–202390
TABLE 17FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: CONFERENCES AND EVENTS90
5.14REGULATORY LANDSCAPE92
5.14.1REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS RELATED TO FSO AND VLC/LI-FI92
TABLE 18NORTH AMERICA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS92
TABLE 19EUROPE: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS92
TABLE 20ASIA PACIFIC: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS93
TABLE 21REST OF THE WORLD: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS93
5.14.2STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS RELATED TO FSO AND VLC/LI-FI94
TABLE 22NORTH AMERICA: SAFETY STANDARDS FOR FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET94
TABLE 23EUROPE: SAFETY STANDARDS FOR FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET94
TABLE 24ASIA PACIFIC: SAFETY STANDARDS FOR FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET94
TABLE 25ROW: SAFETY STANDARDS FOR FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET95
6FREE SPACE OPTICS (FSO) MARKET96
6.1FSO MARKET, BY COMPONENT97
6.1.1INTRODUCTION97
FIGURE 45FSO MARKET, BY COMPONENT97
FIGURE 46MODULATORS & DEMODULATORS SEGMENT TO SHOW HIGHEST GROWTH IN FSO MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD97
TABLE 26FSO MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)98
TABLE 27FSO MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)98
6.1.2TRANSMITTERS98
6.1.2.1Widespread use of LEDs as transmitters in FSO systems98
6.1.3RECEIVERS98
6.1.3.1Photodetectors suited for use as receivers in FSO systems98
6.1.4MODULATORS & DEMODULATORS99
6.1.4.1Ensure efficient communication in FSO systems99
6.2FSO MARKET, BY APPLICATION99
6.2.1INTRODUCTION99
FIGURE 47FSO MARKET, BY APPLICATION99
FIGURE 48FSO MARKET FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATION TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD100
TABLE 28FSO MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)100
TABLE 29FSO MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)101
6.2.2MOBILE BACKHAUL101
6.2.2.1Use of FSO solutions for additional bandwidth101
TABLE 30TECHNOLOGIES IN MOBILE BACKHAUL102
TABLE 31CAPACITY OF VARIOUS MOBILE BACKHAUL TECHNOLOGIES102
TABLE 32ADVANTAGES OF FSO FOR MOBILE CARRIER BACKHAUL103
TABLE 33FSO MARKET FOR MOBILE BACKHAUL APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)103
TABLE 34FSO MARKET FOR MOBILE BACKHAUL APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)103
6.2.3ENTERPRISE CONNECTIVITY104
6.2.3.1FSO offers high resistance to signal interception104
TABLE 35FSO MARKET FOR ENTERPRISE CONNECTIVITY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)104
TABLE 36FSO MARKET FOR ENTERPRISE CONNECTIVITY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)104
6.2.4DISASTER RECOVERY105
6.2.4.1Use of FSO technology to establish quick communication in disaster areas105
TABLE 37FSO MARKET FOR DISASTER RECOVERY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)105
TABLE 38FSO MARKET FOR DISASTER RECOVERY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)105
6.2.5DEFENSE106
6.2.5.1Preference for FSO links to ensure secure and reliable communication106
TABLE 39FSO MARKET FOR DEFENSE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)106
TABLE 40FSO MARKET FOR DEFENSE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)107
6.2.6SATELLITE107
6.2.6.1High-speed data transfer makes FSO ideal for satellite applications107
TABLE 41FSO MARKET FOR SATELLITE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)107
TABLE 42FSO MARKET FOR SATELLITE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)108
6.2.7HEALTHCARE108
6.2.7.1Use of FSO technology to facilitate high-volume data transmission108
FIGURE 49FSO MARKET FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATION IN EUROPE TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD109
TABLE 43FSO MARKET FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)109
TABLE 44FSO MARKET FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)109
6.2.8SECURITY110
6.2.8.1Adoption of FSO technology to evade threat of data interception110
TABLE 45FSO MARKET FOR SECURITY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)110
TABLE 46FSO MARKET FOR SECURITY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)111
6.2.9ENGINEERING & DESIGN111
6.2.9.1Growing use of FSO systems for end-to-end system simulations111
TABLE 47FSO MARKET FOR ENGINEERING & DESIGN APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)111
TABLE 48FSO MARKET FOR ENGINEERING & DESIGN APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)111
6.2.10OTHERS112
TABLE 49FSO MARKET FOR OTHER APPLICATIONS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)112
TABLE 50FSO MARKET FOR OTHER APPLICATIONS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)112
6.3FSO MARKET, BY VERTICAL113
6.3.1INTRODUCTION113
FIGURE 50FSO MARKET, BY VERTICAL113
FIGURE 51MEDICAL VERTICAL TO EXHIBIT HIGHEST CAGR IN FSO MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD114
TABLE 51FSO MARKET, BY VERTICAL, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)114
TABLE 52FSO MARKET, BY VERTICAL, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)114
6.3.2IT & TELECOMMUNICATIONS115
6.3.2.1Increasing demand for deployment of 5G networks115
6.3.3AEROSPACE & DEFENSE115
6.3.3.1Growing use of FSO communication technology due to high security and ease of deployment115
6.3.4CONSUMER ELECTRONICS116
6.3.4.1Increasing global demand for high-speed internet connectivity116
6.3.5MEDICAL116
6.3.5.1Increasing preference for FSO for transmission of biomedical sensor signals116
6.3.6AUTOMOTIVE116
6.3.6.1Growing use of FSO for vehicular communication116
6.3.7OTHERS117
6.4FSO MARKET, BY REGION117
6.4.1INTRODUCTION117
FIGURE 52FSO MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC TO WITNESS HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD117
FIGURE 53FSO MARKET, BY REGION118
TABLE 53FSO MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)118
TABLE 54FSO MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)118
6.4.2AMERICAS119
FIGURE 54AMERICAS: FSO MARKET SNAPSHOT119
TABLE 55FSO MARKET IN AMERICAS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)120
TABLE 56FSO MARKET IN AMERICAS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)120
6.4.3EUROPE121
FIGURE 55EUROPE: FSO MARKET SNAPSHOT121
TABLE 57FSO MARKET IN EUROPE, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)122
TABLE 58FSO MARKET IN EUROPE, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)122
6.4.4ASIA PACIFIC122
FIGURE 56ASIA PACIFIC: FSO MARKET SNAPSHOT123
TABLE 59FSO MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)123
TABLE 60FSO MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)124
6.4.5REST OF THE WORLD124
FIGURE 57ROW: FSO MARKET SNAPSHOT125
TABLE 61FSO MARKET IN ROW, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)125
TABLE 62FSO MARKET IN ROW, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)126
7VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION (VLC)/LIGHT FIDELITY (LI-FI) MARKET127
7.1VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY COMPONENT128
7.1.1INTRODUCTION128
FIGURE 58VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY COMPONENT128
FIGURE 59SOFTWARE SEGMENT TO HOLD LARGEST SIZE OF VLC/LI-FI MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD128
TABLE 63VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)129
TABLE 64VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)129
7.1.2LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES (LEDS)129
7.1.2.1Important components of VLC systems129
TABLE 65COMPARISON OF LED, INCANDESCENT, AND FLUORESCENT LAMPS130
7.1.2.2Phosphorus LEDs130
TABLE 66CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOSPHORUS LEDS130
7.1.2.3Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) LEDs131
TABLE 67CHARACTERISTICS OF RGB LED131
7.1.2.4Resonant Cavity LEDs (RCLEDs)131
TABLE 68CHARACTERISTICS OF RCLED131
7.1.2.5Organic LEDs (OLEDs)132
TABLE 69CHARACTERISTICS OF OLEDS132
7.1.2.6Microlens LEDs132
7.1.2.7Near-infrared or ultraviolet LEDs132
TABLE 70VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR LEDS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)133
TABLE 71VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR LEDS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)133
7.1.3PHOTODETECTORS134
7.1.3.1Used as receivers in VLC systems134
7.1.3.2Photodiode134
7.1.3.3Image sensor134
TABLE 72COMPARISON OF CCD AND CMOS SENSORS134
TABLE 73VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR PHOTODETECTORS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)135
TABLE 74VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR PHOTODETECTORS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)135
7.1.4MICROCONTROLLERS136
7.1.4.1Used in VLC technology to simplify data processing136
7.1.4.2Modulator & demodulator136
7.1.4.2.1Modulation136
7.1.4.2.1.1Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)136
7.1.4.2.1.2Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)136
7.1.4.2.1.3Variable Pulse Position Modulation (VPPM)136
7.1.4.2.1.4Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)137
7.1.4.2.1.5Color Shift Keying (CSK)137
7.1.4.2.1.6Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)137
7.1.4.2.1.7Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM)137
7.1.4.2.1.8Spatial Modulation (SM)137
7.1.4.2.2Demodulation137
7.1.4.2.2.1Diode detector138
7.1.4.2.2.2Synchronous detector138
TABLE 75VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR MICROCONTROLLERS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)138
TABLE 76VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR MICROCONTROLLERS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)139
7.1.5SOFTWARE139
7.1.5.1Important component of VLC systems139
TABLE 77VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SOFTWARE, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)140
TABLE 78VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SOFTWARE, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)140
7.2VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY TRANSMISSION TYPE141
7.2.1INTRODUCTION141
FIGURE 60VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY TRANSMISSION TYPE141
FIGURE 61BIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION SEGMENT TO REGISTER HIGHER GROWTH RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD141
TABLE 79VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY TRANSMISSION TYPE, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)141
TABLE 80VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY TRANSMISSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)142
7.2.2UNIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION142
7.2.3BIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION142
7.3VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY APPLICATION143
7.3.1INTRODUCTION143
FIGURE 62VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY APPLICATION143
FIGURE 63DEFENSE & SECURITY SEGMENT TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD144
TABLE 81VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)144
TABLE 82VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)145
7.3.2SMART STORES145
7.3.2.1Growing use of VLC/Li-fi solutions to improve customer experience145
TABLE 83VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SMART STORES, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)146
TABLE 84VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SMART STORES, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)146
TABLE 85VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SMART STORES, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)146
TABLE 86VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SMART STORES, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)147
7.3.3STREETLIGHTS147
7.3.3.1Government projects to drive market growth147
TABLE 87VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR STREETLIGHTS, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)147
TABLE 88VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR STREETLIGHTS, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)148
TABLE 89VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR STREETLIGHTS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)148
TABLE 90VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR STREETLIGHTS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)148
7.3.4CONSUMER ELECTRONICS149
7.3.4.1Increasing demand for interconnected electronic gadgets to drive market growth149
TABLE 91VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)149
TABLE 92VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)149
TABLE 93VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)150
TABLE 94VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)150
FIGURE 64VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR RESIDENTIAL SEGMENT TO GROW AT HIGHER RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD151
TABLE 95VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)151
TABLE 96VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)151
7.3.4.2Residential152
7.3.4.3Commercial152
7.3.5DEFENSE & SECURITY152
7.3.5.1Need for secure and reliable communication to drive demand for VLC links152
TABLE 97VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR DEFENSE & SECURITY, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)153
TABLE 98VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR DEFENSE & SECURITY, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)153
TABLE 99VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR DEFENSE & SECURITY, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)153
TABLE 100VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR DEFENSE & SECURITY, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)154
7.3.6VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION154
7.3.6.1Growing adoption of VLC in intelligent transportation systems154
TABLE 101VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)154
TABLE 102VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)155
TABLE 103VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)155
TABLE 104VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)155
FIGURE 65VEHICLE-TO-VEHICLE COMMUNICATION SEGMENT TO LEAD DURING FORECAST PERIOD156
TABLE 105VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)156
TABLE 106VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLE S& TRANSPORTATION, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)156
7.3.6.2Vehicle-to-vehicle communication157
7.3.6.3Location-based service157
TABLE 107COMPARISON OF POSITION DETECTION WITH OTHER TECHNOLOGIES157
7.3.6.4Intelligent transportation system158
7.3.6.4.1Advanced traffic management system158
7.3.6.4.2Vehicle-to-infrastructure communication159
7.3.6.4.3Advanced public transportation system159
7.3.7AVIATION160
7.3.7.1Rising preference for VLC to provide radiation-free communication in aircraft160
TABLE 108VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR AVIATION, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)161
TABLE 109VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR AVIATION, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)161
TABLE 110VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR AVIATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)161
TABLE 111VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR AVIATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)161
7.3.8HOSPITALS162
7.3.8.1Increasing use of e-healthcare solutions to encourage demand for VLC technology162
TABLE 112VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 113VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 114VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)163
TABLE 115VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)163
FIGURE 66ASSET TRACKING SEGMENT TO RECORD HIGHEST GROWTH RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD163
TABLE 116VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)164
TABLE 117VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)164
7.3.8.2Asset tracking164
7.3.8.3Patient tracking164
7.3.8.4Data monitoring164
7.3.9UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION165
7.3.9.1Demand for VLC to overcome limitations of other communication systems165
TABLE 118VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)166
TABLE 119VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)166
TABLE 120VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)166
TABLE 121VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)167
7.3.10HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS167
7.3.10.1Increasing demand for safer communication modes167
TABLE 122VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)167
TABLE 123VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENT, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 124VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 125VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)168
7.3.11OTHERS169
TABLE 126VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)169
TABLE 127VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)169
TABLE 128VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)169
TABLE 129VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)170
FIGURE 67DIGITAL SIGNAGE SEGMENT TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE BETWEEN 2023 AND 2028170
TABLE 130VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)170
TABLE 131VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)171
7.3.11.1Museums171
7.3.11.2Digital Signage171
7.3.11.3Hotels & Casinos171
7.3.11.4Logistics171
7.4VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY REGION172
7.4.1INTRODUCTION172
FIGURE 68VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC TO RECORD HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD172
FIGURE 69VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY REGION173
TABLE 132VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)173
TABLE 133VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)173
7.4.2AMERICAS174
FIGURE 70AMERICAS: VLC/LI-FI MARKET SNAPSHOT175
TABLE 134VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN AMERICAS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)175
TABLE 135VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN AMERICAS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)176
7.4.3EUROPE176
FIGURE 71EUROPE: VLC/LI-FI MARKET SNAPSHOT177
TABLE 136VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN EUROPE, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)177
TABLE 137VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN EUROPE, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)178
7.4.4ASIA PACIFIC178
FIGURE 72ASIA PACIFIC: VLC/LI-FI MARKET SNAPSHOT179
TABLE 138VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)180
TABLE 139VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)180
7.4.5ROW181
FIGURE 73ROW: VLC/LI-FI MARKET SNAPSHOT181
TABLE 140VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ROW, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)182
TABLE 141VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ROW, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)182
8COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE183
8.1INTRODUCTION183
8.2STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY KEY PLAYERS/RIGHT TO WIN183
TABLE 142OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES DEPLOYED BY KEY VLC/LI-FI OEMS183
8.2.1PRODUCT PORTFOLIO184
8.2.2REGIONAL FOCUS184
8.2.3MANUFACTURING FOOTPRINT184
8.2.4ORGANIC/INORGANIC STRATEGIES184
8.2.5MARKET EVALUATION FRAMEWORK FOR FSO185
TABLE 143OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES DEPLOYED BY KEY FSO OEMS185
8.2.6PRODUCT PORTFOLIO185
8.2.7REGIONAL FOCUS185
8.2.8MANUFACTURING FOOTPRINT185
8.2.9ORGANIC/INORGANIC STRATEGIES185
8.2.10FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: REVENUE ANALYSIS186
FIGURE 74REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP MARKET PLAYERS, 2017-2021186
8.3MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS OF KEY PLAYERS IN FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET186
TABLE 144VLC/LI-FI MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION186
TABLE 145FSO MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION187
8.4COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021188
8.4.1STARS188
8.4.2PERVASIVE PLAYERS188
8.4.3PARTICIPANTS188
8.4.4EMERGING LEADERS188
FIGURE 75FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET (GLOBAL) COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021189
8.5COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING190
TABLE 146COMPANY APPLICATION FOOTPRINT (18 COMPANIES)190
TABLE 147COMPANY REGIONAL FOOTPRINT (18 COMPANIES)191
TABLE 148COMPANY FOOTPRINT192
8.6STARTUP/SME EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021193
TABLE 149OVERVIEW OF STARTUP/SME COMPANY193
8.6.1PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES193
8.6.2RESPONSIVE COMPANIES193
8.6.3DYNAMIC COMPANIES193
8.6.4STARTING BLOCKS194
FIGURE 76FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: STARTUP/SME EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021194
TABLE 150FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: LIST OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES195
TABLE 151FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES195
8.7COMPETITIVE SITUATIONS & TRENDS196
8.7.1PRODUCT LAUNCHES196
TABLE 152PRODUCT LAUNCHES (2019–2022)196
8.7.2ACQUISITIONS AND PARTNERSHIPS197
TABLE 153ACQUISITIONS AND PARTNERSHIPS (2019–2022)197
8.7.3COLLABORATIONS, CONTRACTS, AND JOINT VENTURES198
TABLE 154COLLABORATIONS, CONTRACTS, AND JOINT VENTURES (2019–2022)198
9COMPANY PROFILES199
9.1KEY PLAYERS199
(Business Overview, Products/Solutions/Services Offered, Recent Developments, and MnM View)*
9.1.1SIGNIFY HOLDING199
TABLE 155SIGNIFY HOLDING: BUSINESS OVERVIEW199
FIGURE 77SIGNIFY HOLDING: COMPANY SNAPSHOT200
TABLE 156SIGNIFY HOLDING: PRODUCT LAUNCHES201
TABLE 157SIGNIFY HOLDING: DEALS202
9.1.2LUCIBEL SA204
TABLE 158LUCIBEL SA: BUSINESS OVERVIEW204
FIGURE 78LUCIBEL SA: COMPANY SNAPSHOT205
TABLE 159LUCIBEL SA: PRODUCT LAUNCHES206
TABLE 160LUCIBEL SA: DEALS207
9.1.3FSONA NETWORKS CORP.208
TABLE 161FSONA NETWORKS CORP.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW208
9.1.4WIRELESS EXCELLENCE LIMITED211
TABLE 162WIRELESS EXCELLENCE LIMITED: BUSINESS OVERVIEW211
TABLE 163WIRELESS EXCELLENCE LIMITED: PRODUCT LAUNCHES212
9.1.5OLEDCOMM SAS214
TABLE 164OLEDCOMM SAS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW214
TABLE 165OLEDCOMM SAS: PRODUCT LAUNCHES216
TABLE 166OLEDCOMM SAS: DEALS217
9.1.6PURELIFI218
TABLE 167PURELIFI: BUSINESS OVERVIEW218
TABLE 168PURELIFI: PRODUCT LAUNCHES220
TABLE 169PURELIFI: DEALS220
9.1.7ACUITY BRANDS, INC.222
TABLE 170ACUITY BRANDS, INC.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW222
FIGURE 79ACUITY BRANDS, INC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT223
TABLE 171ACUITY BRANDS, INC.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES224
TABLE 172ACUITY BRANDS, INC.: DEALS225
TABLE 173ACUITY BRANDS, INC.: OTHERS225
9.1.8PANASONIC CORPORATION226
TABLE 174PANASONIC CORPORATION: BUSINESS OVERVIEW226
FIGURE 80PANASONIC CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT227
TABLE 175PANASONIC CORPORATION: DEALS228
9.1.9FRAUNHOFER HHI229
TABLE 176FRAUNHOFER HHI: BUSINESS OVERVIEW229
TABLE 177FRAUNHOFER HHI: PRODUCT LAUNCHES231
9.1.10TRIMBLE HUNGARY KFT.232
TABLE 178TRIMBLE HUNGARY KFT.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW232
* Business Overview, Products/Solutions/Services Offered, Recent Developments, and MnM View might not be captured in case of unlisted companies.
9.2OTHER PLAYERS233
9.2.1JSC MOSTCOM233
9.2.2LVX SYSTEM234
9.2.3LIGHTBEE235
9.2.4VELMENNI236
9.2.5VLNCOMM237
9.2.6IRNAS D.O.O.238
9.2.7NEXTLIFI239
9.2.8INFINITY TECHNOLOGY SERVICES240
9.2.9AIRLINX COMMUNICATIONS, INC.241
9.2.10EC SYSTEM241
9.2.11CACI INTERNATIONAL INC242
9.2.12REDLINE INFRASTRUCTURE243
9.2.13GLOBAL LIFI TECH244
9.2.14LUMEFFICIENT245
9.2.15AXIOM OPTICS246
10APPENDIX247
10.1DISCUSSION GUIDE247
10.2KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL250
10.3CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS252
10.4RELATED REPORTS252
10.5AUTHOR DETAILS253
The demand for Li-Fi technology is increasing across the world to provide secure communications with high data bandwidth, and so on. Various applications such as healthcare, consumer electronics, defense, and commercial create a strong demand for FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market due to efficient industrial operations and thus drive the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market growth. However, the high price of FSO is hindering the growth of the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market.
"Market for healthcare and underwater communication applications to grow at higher CAGR during forecast period"
The FSO market for healthcare applications and the VLC market for underwater communication applications are expected to grow with the highest CAGR during the forecast period. FSOs are hugely deployed in healthcare applications where wireless communication through radio waves is not allowed due to potential health hazards. On the other hand, underwater communications rely on acoustic technologies that limit the speeds to a fraction of terrestrial wireless systems. RF does not work underwater, but visible light can support high-speed data transmission over short distances in this environment. VLC can be a safe alternative to RF communication and serve the purpose of this untapped application area.
"Asia Pacific to witness highest growth among other regions during forecast period"
Asia Pacific is expected to dominate the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market during the forecast period. The region is projected to account for the largest share of the FSO and VLC by 2025. The FSO and VLC market here is expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Increasing manufacturing facilities, advanced infrastructure, and the growing computer-aided design (CAD) industry are driving the FSO market here. Also, with the recent developments and increased expenditure on VLC-related R&D activities, the Asia Pacific region is expected to be the fastest-growing market for VLC during the forecast period. Similarly, end-user industries such as automotive, aerospace & defense, and consumer electronics are expected to create huge opportunities for VLC or Li-Fi solution providers.
In determining and verifying the market size for several segments and subsegments gathered through secondary research, extensive primary interviews have been conducted with key industry experts in the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market.
The break-up of primary participants for the report is as shown below:
•By company type: Tier 1—45 %, Tier 2—30%, and Tier 3—25%
•By designation: C-Level Executives—30%, Directors—25%, and Others—45%
•By region: North America—45%, Europe—30%, Asia Pacific—2s0%, and RoW—5%
The report profiles key players in the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market with their respective market ranking analyses. Prominent players profiled in this report include fSONA Networks Corp. (Canada), Wireless Excellence Limited (UK), Signify Holding (Netherlands), Oledcomm (France), Lucibel (France), pureLiFi Limited (UK), Acuity Brands (US), Panasonic Corporation (Japan), Fraunhofer HHI (Germany), and Trimble Hungary (Hungary), among others.
Research coverage
This research report categorizes the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market based on component, transmission type, application, vertical, and region. The report describes the major drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities pertaining to the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market and forecasts the same till 2028. The report also consists of leadership mapping and analysis of companies in the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi ecosystem.
Key benefits of buying report
The report will help market leaders/new entrants with information on the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the FSO & VLC/Li-Fi market and the subsegments. This report will help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights to better position their businesses and plan suitable go-to-market strategies. The report also helps stakeholders understand the market's pulse and provides information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
1INTRODUCTION32
1.1STUDY OBJECTIVES32
1.2MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE32
1.2.1INCLUSIONS & EXCLUSIONS33
1.3STUDY SCOPE34
FIGURE 1FSO MARKET: SEGMENTATION34
FIGURE 2VLC/LI-FI MARKET: SEGMENTATION35
1.3.1YEARS CONSIDERED35
1.4CURRENCY36
1.5VOLUME UNIT CONSIDERED36
1.6LIMITATIONS36
1.7STAKEHOLDERS36
1.8SUMMARY OF CHANGES37
2RESEARCH METHODOLOGY38
2.1RESEARCH DATA38
FIGURE 3FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN38
2.1.1SECONDARY DATA39
2.1.1.1Major secondary sources39
2.1.1.2Key data from secondary sources39
2.1.2PRIMARY DATA40
2.1.2.1Key data from primary sources40
2.1.2.2Breakdown of primaries41
2.1.3SECONDARY AND PRIMARY RESEARCH42
2.1.3.1Key industry insights43
2.2MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION43
2.2.1BOTTOM-UP APPROACH44
2.2.1.1Estimating market size through bottom-up approach (demand side)44
FIGURE 4MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: APPROACH 1 BOTTOM-UP (SUPPLY SIDE)— REVENUE GENERATED BY COMPANIES IN FSO
AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET45
FIGURE 5FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH45
2.2.2TOP-DOWN APPROACH45
2.2.2.1Methodology to capture market size using top-down approach46
FIGURE 6MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: APPROACH 2 (SUPPLY SIDE): ILLUSTRATION OF REVENUE ESTIMATION FOR ONE COMPANY IN
FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET46
FIGURE 7FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: TOP-DOWN APPROACH46
2.3MARKET BREAKDOWN AND DATA TRIANGULATION47
FIGURE 8DATA TRIANGULATION47
2.4RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS48
2.5LIMITATIONS48
2.6RISK ASSESSMENT48
3EXECUTIVE SUMMARY49
FIGURE 9FSO MARKET FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT APPLICATION TO DOMINATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD50
FIGURE 10VLC/LI-FI MARKET, IN TERMS OF VALUE, BY COMPONENT, 2023 VS. 202851
FIGURE 11VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION APPLICATION TO RECORD HIGHEST CAGR FROM 2023 TO 202851
FIGURE 12FSO AND VLC /LI-FI MARKET FOR ASIA PACIFIC TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE52
4PREMIUM INSIGHTS53
4.1ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET53
FIGURE 13GROWING DEMAND FOR HIGH-SPEED INTERNET CONNECTIVITY TO BOOST FSO MARKET GROWTH53
FIGURE 14INCREASING USE OF SMART LIGHTING SOLUTIONS TO BOOST
VLC/LI-FI MARKET GROWTH53
4.2VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY TRANSMISSION TYPE54
FIGURE 15BIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION SEGMENT TO RECORD HIGHER CAGR FROM 2023 TO 202854
4.3FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY APPLICATION54
FIGURE 16MOBILE BACKHAUL AND SMART STORES APPLICATIONS ACCOUNTED FOR LARGEST SHARES OF FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKETS, RESPECTIVELY, IN 202254
4.4FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY REGION55
FIGURE 17FSO MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC TO RECORD HIGHEST CAGR FROM
2023 TO 202855
FIGURE 18VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC TO RECORD HIGHEST CAGR FROM 2023 TO 202855
5MARKET OVERVIEW56
5.1INTRODUCTION56
5.2MARKET DYNAMICS56
FIGURE 19FSO MARKET: MARKET DYNAMICS56
FIGURE 20VLC/LI-FI MARKET: MARKET DYNAMICS57
5.2.1DRIVERS57
5.2.1.1FSO market57
5.2.1.1.1Effective alternative to RF technology for outdoor networking57
5.2.1.1.2Limited last mile connectivity57
FIGURE 21FSO MARKET: IMPACT OF DRIVERS58
5.2.1.2VLC/Li-Fi market58
5.2.1.2.1Ability to offer faster and safer data transfer58
5.2.1.2.2High growth of LEDs due to low energy consumption59
FIGURE 22LED LIGHTING SALES IN NET ZERO SCENARIO, 2016–203059
FIGURE 23VLC/LI-FI MARKET: IMPACT OF DRIVERS60
5.2.2RESTRAINTS60
5.2.2.1FSO market60
5.2.2.1.1High installation cost for FSO solutions60
FIGURE 24FSO MARKET: IMPACT OF RESTRAINTS60
5.2.2.2VLC/Li-Fi market60
5.2.2.2.1Suited only to short-range communication applications60
FIGURE 25VLC/LI-FI MARKET: IMPACT OF RESTRAINTS61
5.2.3OPPORTUNITIES61
5.2.3.1FSO market61
5.2.3.1.1Increasing preference for FSO over RF in space programs61
TABLE 1RF VS. FSO FOR SPACE PROGRAMS61
FIGURE 26FSO MARKET: IMPACT OF OPPORTUNITIES62
5.2.3.2VLC/Li-Fi market62
5.2.3.2.1Growing adoption of Li-Fi in various industries62
5.2.3.2.2Emergence of new applications such as IoT and 5G62
FIGURE 27VLC/LI-FI MARKET: IMPACT OF OPPORTUNITIES63
5.2.4CHALLENGES64
5.2.4.1FSO market64
5.2.4.1.1Reliability issues due to fading of signals during propagation64
TABLE 2POWER LOSS IN FSO SYSTEMS DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL INTERFERENCE64
FIGURE 28FSO MARKET: IMPACT OF CHALLENGES65
5.2.4.2VLC/Li-Fi market65
5.2.4.2.1Lack of technological awareness65
FIGURE 29VLC/LI-FI MARKET: IMPACT OF CHALLENGES65
5.3VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS65
FIGURE 30VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS: MAJOR VALUE ADDED TO FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET66
5.4ECOSYSTEM/MARKET MAP68
FIGURE 31FSO AND VLC/LI-FI ECOSYSTEM68
TABLE 3COMPANIES AND THEIR ROLE IN FSO AND VLC/LI-FI ECOSYSTEM69
5.5PRICING ANALYSIS70
5.5.1AVERAGE SELLING PRICE (ASP) OF VARIOUS FSO AND VLC/LI-FI SOLUTIONS70
TABLE 4AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF FSO AND LI-FI SOLUTIONS FROM 2021 TO 202270
FIGURE 32AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF KEY LI-FI PLAYERS (USD)71
TABLE 5AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF KEY LI-FI PLAYERS (USD)71
5.6TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMERS’ BUSINESSES71
5.6.1REVENUE SHIFT & NEW REVENUE POCKETS FOR FSO AND
VLC/LI-FI PROVIDERS72
FIGURE 33REVENUE SHIFT FOR FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET72
5.7TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS72
5.7.1O2 TELEFONICA USES LI-FI FOR 5G AND BEYOND72
5.7.2ACUITY BRANDS, INC. OFFERS LI-FI TECHNOLOGY FOR RETAIL ENTITIES72
5.7.3ELIOT DEVELOPS IOT APPLICATIONS BASED ON LI-FI73
5.8PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS73
TABLE 6IMPACT OF PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ON FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET73
FIGURE 34PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS: FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET74
5.8.1INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY74
5.8.2BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS74
5.8.3BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS75
5.8.4THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES75
5.8.5THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS75
5.9KEY STAKEHOLDERS & BUYING CRITERIA75
5.9.1KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS75
FIGURE 35INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP THREE FSO APPLICATIONS75
TABLE 7INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP THREE FSO APPLICATIONS (%)76
FIGURE 36INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP THREE VLC/LI-FI APPLICATIONS76
TABLE 8INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS FOR TOP THREE VLC/LI-FI APPLICATIONS (%)76
5.9.2BUYING CRITERIA77
FIGURE 37KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE FSO APPLICATIONS77
TABLE 9KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE FSO APPLICATIONS77
FIGURE 38KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE VLC/LI-FI APPLICATIONS77
TABLE 10KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE VLC/LI-FI APPLICATIONS78
5.10CASE STUDY ANALYSIS78
TABLE 11EC SYSTEM’S FSO SYSTEM PROVIDES WIRELESS POINT-TO-POINT CONNECTION78
TABLE 12EC SYSTEM’S CABLE-FREE OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYED IN EBENE CYBER CITY IN MAURITIUS79
TABLE 13BABCOCK USES LI-FI TO IMPROVE INFORMATION GATHERING79
5.11TRADE ANALYSIS80
FIGURE 39IMPORT DATA, BY COUNTRY, 2017−2021 (USD THOUSAND)80
FIGURE 40EXPORT DATA, BY COUNTRY, 2017−2021 (USD THOUSAND)81
5.12PATENT ANALYSIS82
FIGURE 41COMPANIES WITH HIGHEST NUMBER OF FSO PATENT APPLICATIONS IN LAST 10 YEARS82
TABLE 14TOP 20 FSO PATENT OWNERS IN LAST 10 YEARS82
FIGURE 42NUMBER OF FSO PATENTS GRANTED PER YEAR, 2012−202283
FIGURE 43COMPANIES WITH HIGHEST NUMBER OF VLC/LI-FI PATENT APPLICATIONS IN LAST 10 YEARS83
TABLE 15TOP 20 VLC/LI-FI PATENT OWNERS IN LAST 10 YEARS84
FIGURE 44NUMBER OF VLC/LI-FI PATENTS GRANTED PER YEAR, 2012−202285
5.12.1MAJOR PATENTS85
TABLE 16MAJOR PATENTS IN FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET85
5.13KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2022–202390
TABLE 17FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: CONFERENCES AND EVENTS90
5.14REGULATORY LANDSCAPE92
5.14.1REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS RELATED TO FSO AND VLC/LI-FI92
TABLE 18NORTH AMERICA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS92
TABLE 19EUROPE: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS92
TABLE 20ASIA PACIFIC: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS93
TABLE 21REST OF THE WORLD: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS93
5.14.2STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS RELATED TO FSO AND VLC/LI-FI94
TABLE 22NORTH AMERICA: SAFETY STANDARDS FOR FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET94
TABLE 23EUROPE: SAFETY STANDARDS FOR FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET94
TABLE 24ASIA PACIFIC: SAFETY STANDARDS FOR FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET94
TABLE 25ROW: SAFETY STANDARDS FOR FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET95
6FREE SPACE OPTICS (FSO) MARKET96
6.1FSO MARKET, BY COMPONENT97
6.1.1INTRODUCTION97
FIGURE 45FSO MARKET, BY COMPONENT97
FIGURE 46MODULATORS & DEMODULATORS SEGMENT TO SHOW HIGHEST GROWTH IN FSO MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD97
TABLE 26FSO MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)98
TABLE 27FSO MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)98
6.1.2TRANSMITTERS98
6.1.2.1Widespread use of LEDs as transmitters in FSO systems98
6.1.3RECEIVERS98
6.1.3.1Photodetectors suited for use as receivers in FSO systems98
6.1.4MODULATORS & DEMODULATORS99
6.1.4.1Ensure efficient communication in FSO systems99
6.2FSO MARKET, BY APPLICATION99
6.2.1INTRODUCTION99
FIGURE 47FSO MARKET, BY APPLICATION99
FIGURE 48FSO MARKET FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATION TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD100
TABLE 28FSO MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)100
TABLE 29FSO MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)101
6.2.2MOBILE BACKHAUL101
6.2.2.1Use of FSO solutions for additional bandwidth101
TABLE 30TECHNOLOGIES IN MOBILE BACKHAUL102
TABLE 31CAPACITY OF VARIOUS MOBILE BACKHAUL TECHNOLOGIES102
TABLE 32ADVANTAGES OF FSO FOR MOBILE CARRIER BACKHAUL103
TABLE 33FSO MARKET FOR MOBILE BACKHAUL APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)103
TABLE 34FSO MARKET FOR MOBILE BACKHAUL APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)103
6.2.3ENTERPRISE CONNECTIVITY104
6.2.3.1FSO offers high resistance to signal interception104
TABLE 35FSO MARKET FOR ENTERPRISE CONNECTIVITY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)104
TABLE 36FSO MARKET FOR ENTERPRISE CONNECTIVITY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)104
6.2.4DISASTER RECOVERY105
6.2.4.1Use of FSO technology to establish quick communication in disaster areas105
TABLE 37FSO MARKET FOR DISASTER RECOVERY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)105
TABLE 38FSO MARKET FOR DISASTER RECOVERY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)105
6.2.5DEFENSE106
6.2.5.1Preference for FSO links to ensure secure and reliable communication106
TABLE 39FSO MARKET FOR DEFENSE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)106
TABLE 40FSO MARKET FOR DEFENSE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)107
6.2.6SATELLITE107
6.2.6.1High-speed data transfer makes FSO ideal for satellite applications107
TABLE 41FSO MARKET FOR SATELLITE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)107
TABLE 42FSO MARKET FOR SATELLITE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)108
6.2.7HEALTHCARE108
6.2.7.1Use of FSO technology to facilitate high-volume data transmission108
FIGURE 49FSO MARKET FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATION IN EUROPE TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD109
TABLE 43FSO MARKET FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)109
TABLE 44FSO MARKET FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)109
6.2.8SECURITY110
6.2.8.1Adoption of FSO technology to evade threat of data interception110
TABLE 45FSO MARKET FOR SECURITY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)110
TABLE 46FSO MARKET FOR SECURITY APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)111
6.2.9ENGINEERING & DESIGN111
6.2.9.1Growing use of FSO systems for end-to-end system simulations111
TABLE 47FSO MARKET FOR ENGINEERING & DESIGN APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)111
TABLE 48FSO MARKET FOR ENGINEERING & DESIGN APPLICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)111
6.2.10OTHERS112
TABLE 49FSO MARKET FOR OTHER APPLICATIONS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)112
TABLE 50FSO MARKET FOR OTHER APPLICATIONS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)112
6.3FSO MARKET, BY VERTICAL113
6.3.1INTRODUCTION113
FIGURE 50FSO MARKET, BY VERTICAL113
FIGURE 51MEDICAL VERTICAL TO EXHIBIT HIGHEST CAGR IN FSO MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD114
TABLE 51FSO MARKET, BY VERTICAL, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)114
TABLE 52FSO MARKET, BY VERTICAL, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)114
6.3.2IT & TELECOMMUNICATIONS115
6.3.2.1Increasing demand for deployment of 5G networks115
6.3.3AEROSPACE & DEFENSE115
6.3.3.1Growing use of FSO communication technology due to high security and ease of deployment115
6.3.4CONSUMER ELECTRONICS116
6.3.4.1Increasing global demand for high-speed internet connectivity116
6.3.5MEDICAL116
6.3.5.1Increasing preference for FSO for transmission of biomedical sensor signals116
6.3.6AUTOMOTIVE116
6.3.6.1Growing use of FSO for vehicular communication116
6.3.7OTHERS117
6.4FSO MARKET, BY REGION117
6.4.1INTRODUCTION117
FIGURE 52FSO MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC TO WITNESS HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD117
FIGURE 53FSO MARKET, BY REGION118
TABLE 53FSO MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)118
TABLE 54FSO MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)118
6.4.2AMERICAS119
FIGURE 54AMERICAS: FSO MARKET SNAPSHOT119
TABLE 55FSO MARKET IN AMERICAS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)120
TABLE 56FSO MARKET IN AMERICAS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)120
6.4.3EUROPE121
FIGURE 55EUROPE: FSO MARKET SNAPSHOT121
TABLE 57FSO MARKET IN EUROPE, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)122
TABLE 58FSO MARKET IN EUROPE, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)122
6.4.4ASIA PACIFIC122
FIGURE 56ASIA PACIFIC: FSO MARKET SNAPSHOT123
TABLE 59FSO MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)123
TABLE 60FSO MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)124
6.4.5REST OF THE WORLD124
FIGURE 57ROW: FSO MARKET SNAPSHOT125
TABLE 61FSO MARKET IN ROW, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)125
TABLE 62FSO MARKET IN ROW, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)126
7VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION (VLC)/LIGHT FIDELITY (LI-FI) MARKET127
7.1VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY COMPONENT128
7.1.1INTRODUCTION128
FIGURE 58VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY COMPONENT128
FIGURE 59SOFTWARE SEGMENT TO HOLD LARGEST SIZE OF VLC/LI-FI MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD128
TABLE 63VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)129
TABLE 64VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)129
7.1.2LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES (LEDS)129
7.1.2.1Important components of VLC systems129
TABLE 65COMPARISON OF LED, INCANDESCENT, AND FLUORESCENT LAMPS130
7.1.2.2Phosphorus LEDs130
TABLE 66CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOSPHORUS LEDS130
7.1.2.3Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) LEDs131
TABLE 67CHARACTERISTICS OF RGB LED131
7.1.2.4Resonant Cavity LEDs (RCLEDs)131
TABLE 68CHARACTERISTICS OF RCLED131
7.1.2.5Organic LEDs (OLEDs)132
TABLE 69CHARACTERISTICS OF OLEDS132
7.1.2.6Microlens LEDs132
7.1.2.7Near-infrared or ultraviolet LEDs132
TABLE 70VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR LEDS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)133
TABLE 71VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR LEDS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)133
7.1.3PHOTODETECTORS134
7.1.3.1Used as receivers in VLC systems134
7.1.3.2Photodiode134
7.1.3.3Image sensor134
TABLE 72COMPARISON OF CCD AND CMOS SENSORS134
TABLE 73VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR PHOTODETECTORS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)135
TABLE 74VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR PHOTODETECTORS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)135
7.1.4MICROCONTROLLERS136
7.1.4.1Used in VLC technology to simplify data processing136
7.1.4.2Modulator & demodulator136
7.1.4.2.1Modulation136
7.1.4.2.1.1Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)136
7.1.4.2.1.2Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)136
7.1.4.2.1.3Variable Pulse Position Modulation (VPPM)136
7.1.4.2.1.4Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)137
7.1.4.2.1.5Color Shift Keying (CSK)137
7.1.4.2.1.6Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)137
7.1.4.2.1.7Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM)137
7.1.4.2.1.8Spatial Modulation (SM)137
7.1.4.2.2Demodulation137
7.1.4.2.2.1Diode detector138
7.1.4.2.2.2Synchronous detector138
TABLE 75VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR MICROCONTROLLERS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)138
TABLE 76VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR MICROCONTROLLERS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)139
7.1.5SOFTWARE139
7.1.5.1Important component of VLC systems139
TABLE 77VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SOFTWARE, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)140
TABLE 78VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SOFTWARE, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)140
7.2VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY TRANSMISSION TYPE141
7.2.1INTRODUCTION141
FIGURE 60VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY TRANSMISSION TYPE141
FIGURE 61BIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION SEGMENT TO REGISTER HIGHER GROWTH RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD141
TABLE 79VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY TRANSMISSION TYPE, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)141
TABLE 80VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY TRANSMISSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)142
7.2.2UNIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION142
7.2.3BIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION142
7.3VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY APPLICATION143
7.3.1INTRODUCTION143
FIGURE 62VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY APPLICATION143
FIGURE 63DEFENSE & SECURITY SEGMENT TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD144
TABLE 81VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)144
TABLE 82VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)145
7.3.2SMART STORES145
7.3.2.1Growing use of VLC/Li-fi solutions to improve customer experience145
TABLE 83VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SMART STORES, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)146
TABLE 84VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SMART STORES, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)146
TABLE 85VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SMART STORES, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)146
TABLE 86VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR SMART STORES, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)147
7.3.3STREETLIGHTS147
7.3.3.1Government projects to drive market growth147
TABLE 87VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR STREETLIGHTS, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)147
TABLE 88VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR STREETLIGHTS, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)148
TABLE 89VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR STREETLIGHTS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)148
TABLE 90VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR STREETLIGHTS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)148
7.3.4CONSUMER ELECTRONICS149
7.3.4.1Increasing demand for interconnected electronic gadgets to drive market growth149
TABLE 91VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)149
TABLE 92VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)149
TABLE 93VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)150
TABLE 94VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)150
FIGURE 64VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR RESIDENTIAL SEGMENT TO GROW AT HIGHER RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD151
TABLE 95VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)151
TABLE 96VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)151
7.3.4.2Residential152
7.3.4.3Commercial152
7.3.5DEFENSE & SECURITY152
7.3.5.1Need for secure and reliable communication to drive demand for VLC links152
TABLE 97VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR DEFENSE & SECURITY, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)153
TABLE 98VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR DEFENSE & SECURITY, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)153
TABLE 99VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR DEFENSE & SECURITY, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)153
TABLE 100VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR DEFENSE & SECURITY, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)154
7.3.6VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION154
7.3.6.1Growing adoption of VLC in intelligent transportation systems154
TABLE 101VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)154
TABLE 102VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)155
TABLE 103VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)155
TABLE 104VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)155
FIGURE 65VEHICLE-TO-VEHICLE COMMUNICATION SEGMENT TO LEAD DURING FORECAST PERIOD156
TABLE 105VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLES & TRANSPORTATION, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)156
TABLE 106VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR VEHICLE S& TRANSPORTATION, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)156
7.3.6.2Vehicle-to-vehicle communication157
7.3.6.3Location-based service157
TABLE 107COMPARISON OF POSITION DETECTION WITH OTHER TECHNOLOGIES157
7.3.6.4Intelligent transportation system158
7.3.6.4.1Advanced traffic management system158
7.3.6.4.2Vehicle-to-infrastructure communication159
7.3.6.4.3Advanced public transportation system159
7.3.7AVIATION160
7.3.7.1Rising preference for VLC to provide radiation-free communication in aircraft160
TABLE 108VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR AVIATION, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)161
TABLE 109VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR AVIATION, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)161
TABLE 110VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR AVIATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)161
TABLE 111VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR AVIATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)161
7.3.8HOSPITALS162
7.3.8.1Increasing use of e-healthcare solutions to encourage demand for VLC technology162
TABLE 112VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 113VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 114VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)163
TABLE 115VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)163
FIGURE 66ASSET TRACKING SEGMENT TO RECORD HIGHEST GROWTH RATE DURING FORECAST PERIOD163
TABLE 116VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)164
TABLE 117VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HOSPITALS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)164
7.3.8.2Asset tracking164
7.3.8.3Patient tracking164
7.3.8.4Data monitoring164
7.3.9UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION165
7.3.9.1Demand for VLC to overcome limitations of other communication systems165
TABLE 118VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)166
TABLE 119VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)166
TABLE 120VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)166
TABLE 121VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)167
7.3.10HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS167
7.3.10.1Increasing demand for safer communication modes167
TABLE 122VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)167
TABLE 123VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENT, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 124VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 125VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)168
7.3.11OTHERS169
TABLE 126VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY COMPONENT, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)169
TABLE 127VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)169
TABLE 128VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)169
TABLE 129VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)170
FIGURE 67DIGITAL SIGNAGE SEGMENT TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE BETWEEN 2023 AND 2028170
TABLE 130VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)170
TABLE 131VLC/LI-FI MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)171
7.3.11.1Museums171
7.3.11.2Digital Signage171
7.3.11.3Hotels & Casinos171
7.3.11.4Logistics171
7.4VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY REGION172
7.4.1INTRODUCTION172
FIGURE 68VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC TO RECORD HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD172
FIGURE 69VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY REGION173
TABLE 132VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY REGION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)173
TABLE 133VLC/LI-FI MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)173
7.4.2AMERICAS174
FIGURE 70AMERICAS: VLC/LI-FI MARKET SNAPSHOT175
TABLE 134VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN AMERICAS, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)175
TABLE 135VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN AMERICAS, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)176
7.4.3EUROPE176
FIGURE 71EUROPE: VLC/LI-FI MARKET SNAPSHOT177
TABLE 136VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN EUROPE, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)177
TABLE 137VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN EUROPE, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)178
7.4.4ASIA PACIFIC178
FIGURE 72ASIA PACIFIC: VLC/LI-FI MARKET SNAPSHOT179
TABLE 138VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)180
TABLE 139VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)180
7.4.5ROW181
FIGURE 73ROW: VLC/LI-FI MARKET SNAPSHOT181
TABLE 140VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ROW, BY APPLICATION, 2019–2022 (USD MILLION)182
TABLE 141VLC/LI-FI MARKET IN ROW, BY APPLICATION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)182
8COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE183
8.1INTRODUCTION183
8.2STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY KEY PLAYERS/RIGHT TO WIN183
TABLE 142OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES DEPLOYED BY KEY VLC/LI-FI OEMS183
8.2.1PRODUCT PORTFOLIO184
8.2.2REGIONAL FOCUS184
8.2.3MANUFACTURING FOOTPRINT184
8.2.4ORGANIC/INORGANIC STRATEGIES184
8.2.5MARKET EVALUATION FRAMEWORK FOR FSO185
TABLE 143OVERVIEW OF STRATEGIES DEPLOYED BY KEY FSO OEMS185
8.2.6PRODUCT PORTFOLIO185
8.2.7REGIONAL FOCUS185
8.2.8MANUFACTURING FOOTPRINT185
8.2.9ORGANIC/INORGANIC STRATEGIES185
8.2.10FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: REVENUE ANALYSIS186
FIGURE 74REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP MARKET PLAYERS, 2017-2021186
8.3MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS OF KEY PLAYERS IN FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET186
TABLE 144VLC/LI-FI MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION186
TABLE 145FSO MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION187
8.4COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021188
8.4.1STARS188
8.4.2PERVASIVE PLAYERS188
8.4.3PARTICIPANTS188
8.4.4EMERGING LEADERS188
FIGURE 75FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET (GLOBAL) COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021189
8.5COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING190
TABLE 146COMPANY APPLICATION FOOTPRINT (18 COMPANIES)190
TABLE 147COMPANY REGIONAL FOOTPRINT (18 COMPANIES)191
TABLE 148COMPANY FOOTPRINT192
8.6STARTUP/SME EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021193
TABLE 149OVERVIEW OF STARTUP/SME COMPANY193
8.6.1PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES193
8.6.2RESPONSIVE COMPANIES193
8.6.3DYNAMIC COMPANIES193
8.6.4STARTING BLOCKS194
FIGURE 76FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: STARTUP/SME EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021194
TABLE 150FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: LIST OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES195
TABLE 151FSO AND VLC/LI-FI MARKET: COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING OF KEY STARTUPS/SMES195
8.7COMPETITIVE SITUATIONS & TRENDS196
8.7.1PRODUCT LAUNCHES196
TABLE 152PRODUCT LAUNCHES (2019–2022)196
8.7.2ACQUISITIONS AND PARTNERSHIPS197
TABLE 153ACQUISITIONS AND PARTNERSHIPS (2019–2022)197
8.7.3COLLABORATIONS, CONTRACTS, AND JOINT VENTURES198
TABLE 154COLLABORATIONS, CONTRACTS, AND JOINT VENTURES (2019–2022)198
9COMPANY PROFILES199
9.1KEY PLAYERS199
(Business Overview, Products/Solutions/Services Offered, Recent Developments, and MnM View)*
9.1.1SIGNIFY HOLDING199
TABLE 155SIGNIFY HOLDING: BUSINESS OVERVIEW199
FIGURE 77SIGNIFY HOLDING: COMPANY SNAPSHOT200
TABLE 156SIGNIFY HOLDING: PRODUCT LAUNCHES201
TABLE 157SIGNIFY HOLDING: DEALS202
9.1.2LUCIBEL SA204
TABLE 158LUCIBEL SA: BUSINESS OVERVIEW204
FIGURE 78LUCIBEL SA: COMPANY SNAPSHOT205
TABLE 159LUCIBEL SA: PRODUCT LAUNCHES206
TABLE 160LUCIBEL SA: DEALS207
9.1.3FSONA NETWORKS CORP.208
TABLE 161FSONA NETWORKS CORP.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW208
9.1.4WIRELESS EXCELLENCE LIMITED211
TABLE 162WIRELESS EXCELLENCE LIMITED: BUSINESS OVERVIEW211
TABLE 163WIRELESS EXCELLENCE LIMITED: PRODUCT LAUNCHES212
9.1.5OLEDCOMM SAS214
TABLE 164OLEDCOMM SAS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW214
TABLE 165OLEDCOMM SAS: PRODUCT LAUNCHES216
TABLE 166OLEDCOMM SAS: DEALS217
9.1.6PURELIFI218
TABLE 167PURELIFI: BUSINESS OVERVIEW218
TABLE 168PURELIFI: PRODUCT LAUNCHES220
TABLE 169PURELIFI: DEALS220
9.1.7ACUITY BRANDS, INC.222
TABLE 170ACUITY BRANDS, INC.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW222
FIGURE 79ACUITY BRANDS, INC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT223
TABLE 171ACUITY BRANDS, INC.: PRODUCT LAUNCHES224
TABLE 172ACUITY BRANDS, INC.: DEALS225
TABLE 173ACUITY BRANDS, INC.: OTHERS225
9.1.8PANASONIC CORPORATION226
TABLE 174PANASONIC CORPORATION: BUSINESS OVERVIEW226
FIGURE 80PANASONIC CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT227
TABLE 175PANASONIC CORPORATION: DEALS228
9.1.9FRAUNHOFER HHI229
TABLE 176FRAUNHOFER HHI: BUSINESS OVERVIEW229
TABLE 177FRAUNHOFER HHI: PRODUCT LAUNCHES231
9.1.10TRIMBLE HUNGARY KFT.232
TABLE 178TRIMBLE HUNGARY KFT.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW232
* Business Overview, Products/Solutions/Services Offered, Recent Developments, and MnM View might not be captured in case of unlisted companies.
9.2OTHER PLAYERS233
9.2.1JSC MOSTCOM233
9.2.2LVX SYSTEM234
9.2.3LIGHTBEE235
9.2.4VELMENNI236
9.2.5VLNCOMM237
9.2.6IRNAS D.O.O.238
9.2.7NEXTLIFI239
9.2.8INFINITY TECHNOLOGY SERVICES240
9.2.9AIRLINX COMMUNICATIONS, INC.241
9.2.10EC SYSTEM241
9.2.11CACI INTERNATIONAL INC242
9.2.12REDLINE INFRASTRUCTURE243
9.2.13GLOBAL LIFI TECH244
9.2.14LUMEFFICIENT245
9.2.15AXIOM OPTICS246
10APPENDIX247
10.1DISCUSSION GUIDE247
10.2KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL250
10.3CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS252
10.4RELATED REPORTS252
10.5AUTHOR DETAILS253
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