Space Propulsion Market Platform (Satellite, Launch Vehicle), Propulsion Type (Chemical Propulsion, Non-Chemical Propulsion), Component (Thrusters, Propellant Feed System, Nozzle), Orbit, End User, Orbit, Support Service Region - Global Forecast to 2028
Space Propulsion Market Platform (Satellite, Launch Vehicle), Propulsion Type (Chemical Propulsion, Non-Chemical Propulsion), Component (Thrusters, Propellant Feed System, Nozzle), Orbit, End User, Orbit, Support Service Region - Global Forecast to 2028
Abstract
Space propulsion systems play a crucial role in spacecraft, launch vehicles, capsules, and rovers by providing the necessary thrust for various operations such as orbit insertion, station keeping, launching vehicles into space, and attitude control, among others. These propulsion systems can be broadly categorized into two types: chemical propulsion and non-chemical propulsion.
Chemical propulsion technologies encompass a variety of methods, including solid, liquid, hybrid, and cold gas propulsion. On the other hand, non-chemical propulsion technologies utilize different principles, such as electric, solar, nuclear, and laser propulsion.
The key components used in space propulsion systems are thrusters, propellant feed systems, rocket motors, nozzles, reactors, propulsion thermal control systems, and power processing units (PPU).
The space propulsion market caters to both government & military, and commercial end users. It encompasses the application of chemical and non-chemical propulsion technologies in space missions. The end users of space propulsion systems can be further classified into commercial entities and government & defense organizations.
The space propulsion market size is projected to grow from USD 10.6 billion in 2023 to USD 18.1 billion by 2028, at a CAGR of 11.3% during the forecast period.
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Segment: Rapidly growing segment of the space propulsion market by orbit during 2023-2028
Payloads in the low Earth orbit (LEO) are placed between 500 and 1,500 kilometers above the surface of the Earth. They are visible for 95 to 120 minutes as these satellites circulate in a lower orbit. There is a growing demand for space propulsion systems that enable CubeSats and small satellites to achieve attitude, orbit control, and orbital transfers. The growth of the space sector has led to the greater use of advanced components such as electric thrusters, propellant tanks, and pressure regulators in the propulsion systems of spacecraft. NanoAvionics (US) provides high-performance and environment-friendly propulsion systems for CubeSats and small satellites.
” Commercial Segment: Rapidly growing segment of the space propulsion market by the end user during 2023-2028. “
The commercial segment includes companies that use satellites for communication, Earth observation, imaging, and agricultural monitoring, among other applications. For instance, Pumpkin Space (US), a leading player in the nanosatellites market, uses small satellites for scientific experiments, such as testing new technologies like batteries with sleep mode capability (BM-2). Busek Co. Inc (US) is another company focused on developing new propulsion systems, such as pulsed plasma thrusters, green monopropellant thrusters, and electrothermal thrusters.
In 2021, SpaceX built and launched 1,869 operational Starlink satellites in 25 months, more than 1,750 of which are still in orbit and functional. And in 2022, Space X alone raised USD 2.2 billion and became the most valuable private company in the US.
“Asia Pacific to account for the largest share in the space propulsion market in 2023.”
Investment in the space industry in Asia Pacific has increased continuously in recent years. This factor supports the growth of the space propulsion market in Asia Pacific.
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Well-established and prominent manufacturers of these military systems in this region include Lockheed Martin Corporation (US), L3Harris Technologies Inc. (US), Northrop Grumman Corporation (US), Blue Origin, LLC (US), and others.
The break-up of profiles of primary participants in the Space Propulsion market:
By Company Type: Tier 1 – 35%, Tier 2 – 45%, and Tier 3 – 20%
By Designation: C-Level Executives – 35%, Directors – 25%, and Others – 40%
By Region: North America – 45%, Europe – 15%, Asia Pacific – 25%, Middle East & Africa – 10%, and Latin America – 5%
Prominent companies in the space propulsion market are Safran S.A. (France), SpaceX (US), L3Harris Technologies Inc. (US), IHI Corporation (Japan), and Northrop Grumman Corporation (US), among others.
Research Coverage:
The market study covers the space propulsion market across segments. It aims to estimate the market size and growth potential of this market across different segments, such as platform, propulsion type, component, orbit, end user, support service, and region. The study also includes an in-depth competitive analysis of the key players in the market, their company profiles, key observations related to product and business offerings, recent developments, and key market strategies.
Key benefits of buying this report:
This report will help the market leaders/new entrants in this market with information on the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the overall space propulsion market and its subsegments. The report covers the entire ecosystem of the space propulsion industry. It will help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights to position their businesses better and plan suitable go-to-market strategies. The report will also help stakeholders understand the pulse of the market and provide them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
The report provides insights on the following pointers:
• Analysis of key drivers and several factors, such as increased investments in space research, growing space exploration programs, the need for space propulsion systems, and others that could contribute to an increase in space propulsion market.
• Product Development/Innovation: Detailed insights on upcoming technologies, research & development activities, and new product & service launches in the space propulsion market
• Market Development: Comprehensive information about lucrative markets – the report analyses the space propulsion market across varied regions
• Market Diversification: Exhaustive information about new products & services, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments in space propulsion market
• Competitive Assessment: In-depth assessment of market shares, growth strategies, and service offerings of leading players like Safran S.A. (France), SpaceX (US), L3Harris Technologies Inc. (US), IHI Corporation (Japan), Northrop Grumman Corporation (US), among others in the space propulsion market.
Content
Table of Contents
1INTRODUCTION40
1.1STUDY OBJECTIVES40
1.2MARKET DEFINITION40
1.3STUDY SCOPE41
1.3.1MARKETS COVERED41
FIGURE 1SPACE PROPULSION MARKET SEGMENTATION41
1.3.2REGIONS COVERED41
1.3.3YEARS CONSIDERED42
1.4INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS42
TABLE 1INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS42
1.5CURRENCY CONSIDERED42
TABLE 2USD EXCHANGE RATES43
1.6MARKET STAKEHOLDERS43
1.7LIMITATIONS43
1.8SUMMARY OF CHANGES44
1.8.1RECESSION IMPACT44
2RESEARCH METHODOLOGY45
2.1RESEARCH DATA45
FIGURE 2RESEARCH PROCESS FLOW45
FIGURE 3RESEARCH DESIGN46
2.1.1SECONDARY DATA46
2.1.1.1Key data from secondary sources47
2.1.2PRIMARY DATA47
2.1.2.1Key data from primary sources48
2.1.2.2Primary sources48
FIGURE 4KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS49
FIGURE 5BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARY INTERVIEWS49
2.1.3RECESSION IMPACT ANALYSIS49
2.2RESEARCH APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY50
2.2.1BOTTOM-UP APPROACH50
FIGURE 6BOTTOM-UP APPROACH51
2.2.2TOP-DOWN APPROACH51
FIGURE 7TOP-DOWN APPROACH51
2.3DATA TRIANGULATION52
FIGURE 8DATA TRIANGULATION52
2.4MARKET SIZING AND FORECASTING53
2.5RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS AND ASSOCIATED RISKS, BY SEGMENT53
2.6RISKS53
2.7RESEARCH LIMITATIONS53
3EXECUTIVE SUMMARY54
FIGURE 9THRUSTERS TO SURPASS OTHER SEGMENTS BETWEEN 2023 AND 202854
FIGURE 10NON-CHEMICAL TO BE FASTEST-GROWING SEGMENT DURING FORECAST PERIOD55
FIGURE 11SATELLITES TO HOLD LARGEST MARKET SHARE IN 202855
FIGURE 12COMMERCIAL SEGMENT TO SECURE LEADING MARKET POSITION IN 202856
FIGURE 13ASIA PACIFIC TO BE LARGEST MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD56
4PREMIUM INSIGHTS57
4.1ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN SPACE PROPULSION MARKET57
FIGURE 14INCREASE IN SPACE EXPLORATION MISSIONS WORLDWIDE57
4.2SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM57
FIGURE 15LAUNCH VEHICLES TO HOLD MAJOR MARKET SHARE IN 202357
4.3SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE58
FIGURE 16NON-CHEMICAL SEGMENT TO RECORD HIGHEST CAGR BETWEEN 2023 AND 202858
4.4SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER58
FIGURE 17COMMERCIAL SEGMENT TO WITNESS STRONG GROWTH DURING FORECAST PERIOD58
4.5SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY REGION59
FIGURE 18ASIA PACIFIC TO SECURE MAXIMUM SHARE IN 202359
5MARKET OVERVIEW60
5.1INTRODUCTION60
5.2MARKET DYNAMICS61
FIGURE 19SPACE PROPULSION MARKET: DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES61
5.2.1DRIVERS61
5.2.1.1Increasing number of space exploration missions61
TABLE 3SPACE MISSIONS, 2023–202662
5.2.1.2Increasing demand for LEO-based services62
TABLE 4LEO AND MEO CONSTELLATIONS62
5.2.1.3Focus on reducing mission costs63
5.2.1.4Demand for advanced electric propulsion systems63
5.2.1.5Technological advancements in space propulsion63
5.2.1.6Significant investments by venture capital companies in space exploration missions64
FIGURE 20VENTURE FUNDING IN SPACE TECH64
5.2.1.7Increasing use of small satellites in various applications64
FIGURE 21SMALL SATELLITE LAUNCHES, 2015–202065
5.2.1.8Growing number of companies offering space launch vehicles65
FIGURE 22ESTABLISHED SPACE FIRMS, 2020–201865
5.2.1.9Increasing demand for commercial-off-the-shelf components for CubeSats66
FIGURE 23CUBESAT LAUNCHES, 2016–202366
5.2.2RESTRAINTS66
5.2.2.1Complex government framework and stringent policies66
TABLE 5BARRIERS TO COPERNICUS PROJECT67
5.2.2.2Lack of dedicated small satellite launch vehicles67
FIGURE 24SMALL SATELLITE LAUNCHER STATUS68
5.2.3OPPORTUNITIES68
5.2.3.1Surge in R&D in space propulsion technologies68
5.2.3.2Technological upgrades in electric propulsion to improve efficiency and reduce cost68
5.2.3.3Government investments in space technologies69
FIGURE 25INVESTMENTS IN SPACE, 2000–2019 (USD BILLION)69
FIGURE 26GLOBAL SPACE ECONOMY, 2015–2021 (USD BILLION)70
5.2.3.4Advancements in plasma thruster technology70
5.2.3.5Rising adoption of nuclear technology in propulsion systems71
5.2.4CHALLENGES71
5.2.4.1Concerns over increasing space debris71
5.2.4.2Emissions due to space missions72
5.2.4.3Risk of satellite launch vehicle failure72
TABLE 6EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITE LAUNCH FAILURES, 2019–202373
5.3SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS73
FIGURE 27SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS73
5.4TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMERS’ BUSINESSES74
FIGURE 28REVENUE SHIFT IN SPACE PROPULSION MARKET74
5.5ECOSYSTEM MAPPING75
5.5.1PROMINENT COMPANIES75
5.5.2PRIVATE AND SMALL ENTERPRISES75
5.5.3END USERS75
FIGURE 29SPACE PROPULSION MARKET ECOSYSTEM75
TABLE 7SPACE PROPULSION MARKET: ROLE OF COMPANIES IN ECOSYSTEM76
5.6AVERAGE SELLING PRICE ANALYSIS76
TABLE 8AVERAGE PRICE OF THRUSTERS (USD MILLION)76
TABLE 9AVERAGE PRICE OF SATELLITES (USD MILLION)77
TABLE 10AVERAGE PRICE OF SATELLITE SUBSYSTEMS (%)77
TABLE 11AVERAGE PRICE OF CUBESATS (USD MILLION)77
TABLE 12AVERAGE PRICE OF CUBESAT SUBSYSTEMS (%)78
TABLE 13COST COMPOSITION OF SPACECRAFT (%)78
TABLE 14COST COMPARISON OF LAUNCH VEHICLES (USD MILLION)78
TABLE 15NASA’S SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM AND COMPONENT COSTING79
TABLE 16COST COMPOSITION OF LEO PAYLOADS (USD)79
5.7PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS80
TABLE 17IMPACT OF PORTER’S FIVE FORCES80
FIGURE 30PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS80
5.7.1THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS81
5.7.2THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES81
5.7.3BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS81
5.7.4BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS82
5.7.5INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY82
5.8TARIFF AND REGULATORY LANDSCAPE82
5.8.1.1North America82
5.8.1.2Europe83
5.8.1.3Asia Pacific83
5.8.1.4Middle East84
5.9TRADE ANALYSIS84
TABLE 18COUNTRY-WISE IMPORTS, 2020–2022 (USD THOUSAND)84
TABLE 19COUNTRY-WISE EXPORTS, 2020–2022 (USD THOUSAND)85
5.10KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA85
5.10.1KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS85
FIGURE 31INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS OF TOP THREE PLATFORMS85
TABLE 20INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS OF TOP THREE PLATFORMS (%)86
5.10.2BUYING CRITERIA86
FIGURE 32KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE PLATFORMS86
TABLE 21KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE PLATFORMS86
5.11KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2023–202487
TABLE 22KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2023–202487
6INDUSTRY TRENDS88
6.1INTRODUCTION88
6.2TECHNOLOGY TRENDS88
6.2.1ULTRA COLD STORAGE TANKS FOR LIQUID HYDROGEN88
6.2.2MICRO PROPULSION FOR CUBESATS89
6.2.3SPACE ELEVATOR PROPULSION THROUGH MECHANICAL WAVES89
6.2.4LOW-COST ELECTRIC PROPULSION THRUSTERS FOR DEEP-SPACE ROBOTIC MISSIONS89
6.2.5DEDICATED LAUNCH VEHICLES FOR SMALL SATELLITES90
TABLE 23STATE-OF-THE-ART SMALL SATELLITE-CUBESAT TECHNOLOGIES90
6.2.6PLASMA THRUSTERS FOR SPACE EXPLORATION91
6.2.7NUCLEAR PROPULSION92
6.2.8USE OF GREEN FUEL IN SPACECRAFT92
6.2.9IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLANT TECHNOLOGY92
6.2.10HYPERSONIC INFLATABLE AERODYNAMIC DECELERATOR (HIAD) RECOVERY TECHNOLOGY93
6.2.11REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES93
TABLE 24LAUNCH VEHICLES94
6.3TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS94
6.3.1DIPOLE DRIVE FOR SPACE PROPULSION94
6.3.2ION PROPULSION94
6.3.3CUBESAT-BASED NEW PROPULSION SYSTEMS95
6.3.3.1NASA solar sail mission95
6.3.3.2Water as fuel95
6.3.3.3Iodine electric propulsion system95
6.4USE CASES96
6.4.1WATER ELECTROLYSIS PROPULSION96
6.4.2SOLAR SAIL TECHNOLOGY96
6.4.3BUSEK BHT-200 – HIGH-PERFORMANCE AND MATURE PROPULSION SYSTEM97
6.4.4PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY IN SUPER HEAVY-LIFT EXPENDABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES97
6.4.5PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY FOR CUBESATS98
6.4.6SATELLITE ORBIT MANEUVERING98
6.5IMPACT OF MEGATRENDS99
6.5.1MINIATURIZATION IN SPACE TECHNOLOGY99
6.5.2SPACE 4.099
6.5.3RIDESHARE PROGRAM99
6.6INNOVATIONS AND PATENT REGISTRATIONS100
TABLE 25INNOVATIONS AND PATENT REGISTRATIONS, 2019–2023100
6.7ROADMAP: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET102
TABLE 26EVOLUTION OF SPACE PROPULSION: ROADMAP FROM 2010 TO 2030102
7SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM103
7.1INTRODUCTION104
FIGURE 33SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028104
TABLE 27SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020−2022 (USD MILLION)104
TABLE 28SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023−2028 (USD MILLION)105
7.2SATELLITES105
TABLE 29SATELLITES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)105
TABLE 30SATELLITES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)106
7.2.1CUBESATS106
7.2.1.1Rapid deployment in interplanetary missions to drive growth106
7.2.2SMALL SATELLITES106
7.2.2.1Advancements in small satellites to drive growth106
TABLE 31SMALL SATELLITES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)107
TABLE 32SMALL SATELLITES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)107
7.2.2.2Nanosatellites107
7.2.2.3Microsatellites108
7.2.2.4Minisatellites108
7.2.3MEDIUM SATELLITES108
7.2.3.1Increase in scientific research and exploration to drive growth108
7.2.4LARGE SATELLITES109
7.2.4.1Widespread adoption in deep-space exploration to drive growth109
7.3CAPSULES/CARGOS109
TABLE 33CAPSULES/CARGOS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)109
TABLE 34CAPSULES/CARGOS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)109
7.3.1CREWED SPACECRAFT/HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT110
7.3.1.1Increase in space travel to drive growth110
7.3.2UNCREWED/UNMANNED SPACECRAFT110
7.3.2.1Increased use in space missions to drive growth110
7.4INTERPLANETARY SPACECRAFT & PROBES111
7.4.1RIGOROUS DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE PROBES FOR SOLAR SYSTEM EXPLORATION TO DRIVE GROWTH111
7.5ROVERS/SPACECRAFT LANDERS111
7.5.1WIDE-SCALE USE IN SPACE EXPLORATION MISSIONS TO DRIVE GROWTH111
7.6LAUNCH VEHICLES111
TABLE 35LAUNCH VEHICLES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)112
TABLE 36LAUNCH VEHICLES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)112
7.6.1SMALL LAUNCH VEHICLES112
7.6.1.1Growing LEO satellite launch missions to drive growth112
7.6.2MEDIUM-TO-HEAVY LAUNCH VEHICLES112
7.6.2.1Rising demand from telecommunications sector to drive growth112
7.6.3REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES113
7.6.3.1Reduced mission costs to drive growth113
8SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE114
8.1INTRODUCTION115
FIGURE 34SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028115
TABLE 37SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020−2022 (USD MILLION)115
TABLE 38SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023−2028 (USD MILLION)116
8.2CHEMICAL116
TABLE 39CHEMICAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)116
TABLE 40CHEMICAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)116
8.2.1SOLID117
8.2.1.1Growing satellite launches and interplanetary missions to drive growth117
8.2.1.2Homogeneous117
8.2.1.3Heterogeneous/Composites117
8.2.2LIQUID118
8.2.2.1High demand from active and future launch vehicles to drive growth118
TABLE 41LIQUID PROPELLANTS USED IN FLIGHT VEHICLES118
8.2.2.2Monopropellant119
8.2.2.2.1Non-green119
8.2.2.2.2Green119
8.2.2.3Bipropellant119
8.2.2.3.1Cryogenic120
8.2.2.3.2Hypergolic120
8.2.3HYBRID120
8.2.3.1Efficient performance, reduced weight, and advanced cooling methodology to drive growth120
8.2.4COLD GAS121
8.2.4.1Growing use in low-thrust maneuvers to drive growth121
8.3NON-CHEMICAL121
TABLE 42NON-CHEMICAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)121
TABLE 43NON-CHEMICAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)122
8.3.1ELECTRIC122
8.3.1.1Efficient use of fuel to drive growth122
8.3.1.2Electrothermal122
8.3.1.2.1Argon123
8.3.1.2.2Hydrogen123
8.3.1.2.3Others123
8.3.1.3Electromagnetic123
8.3.1.3.1PTFE123
8.3.1.4Electrostatic124
8.3.1.4.1Xenon124
8.3.1.4.2Krypton124
8.3.1.4.3Others124
8.3.2SOLAR124
8.3.2.1Growing preference for fuel-free operations to drive growth124
8.3.2.2Solar sail propulsion125
8.3.2.3Solar electric propulsion125
8.3.2.4Solar thermal propulsion125
8.3.3TETHER126
8.3.3.1Low cost of in-space propulsion to drive growth126
8.3.4NUCLEAR126
8.3.4.1High energy density to drive growth126
8.3.5LASER127
8.3.5.1Reduced travel time to drive growth127
9SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY SYSTEM COMPONENT128
9.1INTRODUCTION129
FIGURE 35SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028129
TABLE 44SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020−2022 (USD MILLION)129
TABLE 45SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2023−2028 (USD MILLION)130
9.2THRUSTERS130
TABLE 46THRUSTERS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)130
TABLE 47THRUSTERS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)130
9.2.1CHEMICAL PROPULSION THRUSTERS131
9.2.1.1Large-scale integration in satellites to drive growth131
TABLE 48CHEMICAL PROPULSION THRUSTERS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)131
TABLE 49CHEMICAL PROPULSION THRUSTERS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)131
9.2.1.2Cold & warm gas thrusters131
9.2.1.3Monopropellant thrusters132
9.2.1.4Bipropellant thrusters132
9.2.2ELECTRIC PROPULSION THRUSTERS132
9.2.2.1Prolonged operational life of satellites to drive growth132
9.2.2.2Gridded ion engine or ion thrusters132
9.2.2.3Hall-effect thrusters133
9.2.2.4Pulsed plasma thrusters133
9.2.2.5Magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters133
9.3PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEMS133
TABLE 50PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEMS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)134
TABLE 51PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEMS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)134
TABLE 52PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEMS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)134
TABLE 53PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEMS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)135
9.3.1PROPELLANT TANKS135
9.3.1.1Need for steady fuel supply to drive growth135
TABLE 54PROPELLANT TANKS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)135
TABLE 55PROPELLANT TANKS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)135
9.3.1.2Monopropellant tanks136
9.3.1.3Bipropellant tanks136
9.3.1.4Oxidizer tanks136
9.3.2PRESSURE & FLOW REGULATORS136
9.3.2.1Ongoing development of lightweight high-flow regulators to drive growth136
9.3.3VALVES137
9.3.3.1Improved design and features to drive growth137
9.3.4TURBOPUMPS137
9.3.4.1Widespread use in flow rate and injection pressure management to drive growth137
9.3.5COMBUSTION CHAMBERS137
9.3.5.1Additive manufacturing technologies and use of advanced materials to drive growth137
9.4ROCKET MOTORS138
9.4.1SPIKE IN ROCKET LAUNCHES TO DRIVE GROWTH138
9.5NOZZLES138
9.5.1ADVANCEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES TO DRIVE GROWTH138
9.6PROPULSION THERMAL CONTROL139
9.6.1DEMAND FOR TEMPERATURE STABILITY IN SPACECRAFT TO DRIVE GROWTH139
9.7POWER PROCESSING UNITS139
9.7.1NEED FOR RELIABLE POWER SUPPLY IN SPACE OPERATIONS TO DRIVE GROWTH139
9.8OTHERS139
10SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY ORBIT140
10.1INTRODUCTION141
FIGURE 36SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY ORBIT, 2023–2028141
TABLE 56SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY ORBIT, 2020−2022 (USD MILLION)141
TABLE 57SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY ORBIT, 2023−2028 (USD MILLION)142
10.2LOW EARTH ORBIT (LEO)142
10.2.1RISE OF PRIVATE PLAYERS IN SPACE SECTOR TO DRIVE GROWTH142
10.3MEDIUM EARTH ORBIT (MEO)142
10.3.1DEMAND FOR SATELLITE INTERNET AND COMMUNICATIONS TO DRIVE GROWTH142
10.4GEOSYNCHRONOUS EARTH ORBIT (GEO)143
10.4.1NEED FOR PAYLOADS WITH LONG LIFE EXPECTANCY TO DRIVE GROWTH143
10.5BEYOND GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT143
10.5.1NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEEP-SPACE EXPLORATION TO DRIVE GROWTH143
11SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER145
11.1INTRODUCTION146
FIGURE 37SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028146
TABLE 58SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020−2022 (USD MILLION)146
TABLE 59SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023−2028 (USD MILLION)146
11.2COMMERCIAL147
TABLE 60COMMERCIAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)147
TABLE 61COMMERCIAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)147
TABLE 62FUNDING FOR SPACE LAUNCHES BY COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS, 2019–2021 (USD MILLION)148
11.2.1SATELLITE OPERATORS & OWNERS149
11.2.1.1Extensive use of satellites in commercial applications to drive growth149
11.2.2SPACE LAUNCH SERVICE PROVIDERS149
11.2.2.1Emergence of private companies in launch services to drive growth149
11.3GOVERNMENT & DEFENSE149
TABLE 63GOVERNMENT & DEFENSE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)150
TABLE 64GOVERNMENT & DEFENSE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)150
TABLE 65SPACE BUDGET OF NATIONAL SPACE AGENCIES (USD MILLION)150
TABLE 66US NATIONAL SECURITY SPACE BUDGET, BY MILITARY SERVICE, 2020 (USD MILLION)150
11.3.1DEPARTMENTS OF DEFENSE151
11.3.1.1Need for real-time data and imaging to drive growth151
11.3.2NATIONAL SPACE AGENCIES151
11.3.2.1High demand for Earth observation and remote sensing to drive growth151
11.3.3OTHERS151
12SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY SUPPORT SERVICE152
12.1INTRODUCTION152
12.2DESIGN, ENGINEERING, OPERATION, & MAINTENANCE152
12.3HOT FIRING & ENVIRONMENTAL TEST EXECUTION152
12.4FUELING & LAUNCH AND GROUND SUPPORT153
13SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY REGION154
13.1INTRODUCTION155
FIGURE 38SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028155
13.2REGIONAL RECESSION IMPACT ANALYSIS156
FIGURE 39REGIONAL RECESSION IMPACT ANALYSIS156
TABLE 67SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY REGION, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)157
TABLE 68SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)157
13.3NORTH AMERICA157
13.3.1PESTLE ANALYSIS158
FIGURE 40NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET SNAPSHOT159
TABLE 69NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)159
TABLE 70NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)160
TABLE 71NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)160
TABLE 72NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)160
TABLE 73NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)160
TABLE 74NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)161
TABLE 75NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)161
TABLE 76NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)161
13.3.2US161
13.3.2.1Surge in scheduled space expedition programs to drive growth161
TABLE 77US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 78US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 79US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 80US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 81US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)163
TABLE 82US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)163
13.3.3CANADA163
13.3.3.1Government initiatives to drive growth163
TABLE 83CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)164
TABLE 84CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)164
TABLE 85CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)164
TABLE 86CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)165
TABLE 87CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)165
TABLE 88CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)165
13.4EUROPE165
13.4.1PESTLE ANALYSIS166
FIGURE 41EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET SNAPSHOT167
TABLE 89EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)167
TABLE 90EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 91EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 92EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 93EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 94EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)169
TABLE 95EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)169
TABLE 96EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)169
13.4.2RUSSIA169
13.4.2.1Increased space launch programs to drive growth169
TABLE 97RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)170
TABLE 98RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)170
TABLE 99RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)170
TABLE 100RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)171
TABLE 101RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)171
TABLE 102RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)171
13.4.3GERMANY171
13.4.3.1Emphasis on innovative space solutions to drive growth171
TABLE 103GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)172
TABLE 104GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)172
TABLE 105GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)172
TABLE 106GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)172
TABLE 107GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)173
TABLE 108GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)173
13.4.4FRANCE173
13.4.4.1Growing partnerships between national space agencies to drive growth173
TABLE 109FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)174
TABLE 110FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)174
TABLE 111FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)174
TABLE 112FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)174
TABLE 113FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)175
TABLE 114FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)175
13.4.5UK175
13.4.5.1Combined public and private sector efforts in space exploration to drive growth175
TABLE 115UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)176
TABLE 116UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)176
TABLE 117UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)176
TABLE 118UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)176
TABLE 119UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)177
TABLE 120UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)177
13.4.6ITALY177
13.4.6.1Active domestic participation in space operations to drive growth177
TABLE 121ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)178
TABLE 122ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)178
TABLE 123ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)178
TABLE 124ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)178
TABLE 125ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)179
TABLE 126ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)179
13.5ASIA PACIFIC179
13.5.1PESTLE ANALYSIS179
FIGURE 42ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET SNAPSHOT181
TABLE 127ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)181
TABLE 128ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)182
TABLE 129ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)182
TABLE 130ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)182
TABLE 131ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)182
TABLE 132ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)183
TABLE 133ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)183
TABLE 134ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)183
13.5.2CHINA183
13.5.2.1Surge in satellite launches to drive growth183
TABLE 135CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)184
TABLE 136CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)184
TABLE 137CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)184
TABLE 138CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)185
TABLE 139CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)185
TABLE 140CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)185
13.5.3INDIA185
13.5.3.1Rising demand for satellites for Earth observation and navigation to drive growth185
TABLE 141INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)186
TABLE 142INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)186
TABLE 143INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)186
TABLE 144INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)187
TABLE 145INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)187
TABLE 146INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)187
13.5.4JAPAN187
13.5.4.1Involvement of private companies in government space programs to drive growth187
TABLE 147JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)188
TABLE 148JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)188
TABLE 149JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)188
TABLE 150JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)188
TABLE 151JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)189
TABLE 152JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)189
13.5.5SOUTH KOREA189
13.5.5.1Increased government funding in space industry to drive growth189
TABLE 153SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)189
TABLE 154SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)190
TABLE 155SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)190
TABLE 156SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)190
TABLE 157SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)190
TABLE 158SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)191
13.5.6AUSTRALIA191
13.5.6.1Government measures for development of space industry to drive growth191
TABLE 159AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)191
TABLE 160AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)192
TABLE 161AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)192
TABLE 162AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)192
TABLE 163AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)192
TABLE 164AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)193
13.6MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA193
13.6.1PESTLE ANALYSIS193
TABLE 165MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)194
TABLE 166MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)194
TABLE 167MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)194
TABLE 168MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)195
TABLE 169MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)195
TABLE 170MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)195
TABLE 171MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)195
TABLE 172MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)196
13.6.2SAUDI ARABIA196
13.6.2.1Technological advancements in space systems to drive growth196
TABLE 173SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)196
TABLE 174SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)197
TABLE 175SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)197
TABLE 176SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)197
TABLE 177SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)197
TABLE 178SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)198
13.6.3ISRAEL198
13.6.3.1Emphasis on space programs to drive growth198
TABLE 179ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)198
TABLE 180ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)199
TABLE 181ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)199
TABLE 182ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)199
TABLE 183ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)199
TABLE 184ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)200
13.6.4IRAN200
13.6.4.1Sustained attempts in space launches to drive growth200
TABLE 185IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)200
TABLE 186IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)201
TABLE 187IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)201
TABLE 188IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)201
TABLE 189IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)201
TABLE 190IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)202
13.6.5SOUTH AFRICA202
13.6.5.1Launch of advanced thruster systems to drive growth202
TABLE 191SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)202
TABLE 192SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)203
TABLE 193SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)203
TABLE 194SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)203
TABLE 195SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)203
TABLE 196SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)204
13.7LATIN AMERICA204
13.7.1PESTLE ANALYSIS204
TABLE 197LATIN AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)205
TABLE 198LATIN AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)205
TABLE 199LATIN AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)206
TABLE 200LATIN AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)206
TABLE 201LATIN AMERICA
Chemical propulsion technologies encompass a variety of methods, including solid, liquid, hybrid, and cold gas propulsion. On the other hand, non-chemical propulsion technologies utilize different principles, such as electric, solar, nuclear, and laser propulsion.
The key components used in space propulsion systems are thrusters, propellant feed systems, rocket motors, nozzles, reactors, propulsion thermal control systems, and power processing units (PPU).
The space propulsion market caters to both government & military, and commercial end users. It encompasses the application of chemical and non-chemical propulsion technologies in space missions. The end users of space propulsion systems can be further classified into commercial entities and government & defense organizations.
The space propulsion market size is projected to grow from USD 10.6 billion in 2023 to USD 18.1 billion by 2028, at a CAGR of 11.3% during the forecast period.
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Segment: Rapidly growing segment of the space propulsion market by orbit during 2023-2028
Payloads in the low Earth orbit (LEO) are placed between 500 and 1,500 kilometers above the surface of the Earth. They are visible for 95 to 120 minutes as these satellites circulate in a lower orbit. There is a growing demand for space propulsion systems that enable CubeSats and small satellites to achieve attitude, orbit control, and orbital transfers. The growth of the space sector has led to the greater use of advanced components such as electric thrusters, propellant tanks, and pressure regulators in the propulsion systems of spacecraft. NanoAvionics (US) provides high-performance and environment-friendly propulsion systems for CubeSats and small satellites.
” Commercial Segment: Rapidly growing segment of the space propulsion market by the end user during 2023-2028. “
The commercial segment includes companies that use satellites for communication, Earth observation, imaging, and agricultural monitoring, among other applications. For instance, Pumpkin Space (US), a leading player in the nanosatellites market, uses small satellites for scientific experiments, such as testing new technologies like batteries with sleep mode capability (BM-2). Busek Co. Inc (US) is another company focused on developing new propulsion systems, such as pulsed plasma thrusters, green monopropellant thrusters, and electrothermal thrusters.
In 2021, SpaceX built and launched 1,869 operational Starlink satellites in 25 months, more than 1,750 of which are still in orbit and functional. And in 2022, Space X alone raised USD 2.2 billion and became the most valuable private company in the US.
“Asia Pacific to account for the largest share in the space propulsion market in 2023.”
Investment in the space industry in Asia Pacific has increased continuously in recent years. This factor supports the growth of the space propulsion market in Asia Pacific.
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Well-established and prominent manufacturers of these military systems in this region include Lockheed Martin Corporation (US), L3Harris Technologies Inc. (US), Northrop Grumman Corporation (US), Blue Origin, LLC (US), and others.
The break-up of profiles of primary participants in the Space Propulsion market:
By Company Type: Tier 1 – 35%, Tier 2 – 45%, and Tier 3 – 20%
By Designation: C-Level Executives – 35%, Directors – 25%, and Others – 40%
By Region: North America – 45%, Europe – 15%, Asia Pacific – 25%, Middle East & Africa – 10%, and Latin America – 5%
Prominent companies in the space propulsion market are Safran S.A. (France), SpaceX (US), L3Harris Technologies Inc. (US), IHI Corporation (Japan), and Northrop Grumman Corporation (US), among others.
Research Coverage:
The market study covers the space propulsion market across segments. It aims to estimate the market size and growth potential of this market across different segments, such as platform, propulsion type, component, orbit, end user, support service, and region. The study also includes an in-depth competitive analysis of the key players in the market, their company profiles, key observations related to product and business offerings, recent developments, and key market strategies.
Key benefits of buying this report:
This report will help the market leaders/new entrants in this market with information on the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the overall space propulsion market and its subsegments. The report covers the entire ecosystem of the space propulsion industry. It will help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights to position their businesses better and plan suitable go-to-market strategies. The report will also help stakeholders understand the pulse of the market and provide them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
The report provides insights on the following pointers:
• Analysis of key drivers and several factors, such as increased investments in space research, growing space exploration programs, the need for space propulsion systems, and others that could contribute to an increase in space propulsion market.
• Product Development/Innovation: Detailed insights on upcoming technologies, research & development activities, and new product & service launches in the space propulsion market
• Market Development: Comprehensive information about lucrative markets – the report analyses the space propulsion market across varied regions
• Market Diversification: Exhaustive information about new products & services, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments in space propulsion market
• Competitive Assessment: In-depth assessment of market shares, growth strategies, and service offerings of leading players like Safran S.A. (France), SpaceX (US), L3Harris Technologies Inc. (US), IHI Corporation (Japan), Northrop Grumman Corporation (US), among others in the space propulsion market.
1INTRODUCTION40
1.1STUDY OBJECTIVES40
1.2MARKET DEFINITION40
1.3STUDY SCOPE41
1.3.1MARKETS COVERED41
FIGURE 1SPACE PROPULSION MARKET SEGMENTATION41
1.3.2REGIONS COVERED41
1.3.3YEARS CONSIDERED42
1.4INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS42
TABLE 1INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS42
1.5CURRENCY CONSIDERED42
TABLE 2USD EXCHANGE RATES43
1.6MARKET STAKEHOLDERS43
1.7LIMITATIONS43
1.8SUMMARY OF CHANGES44
1.8.1RECESSION IMPACT44
2RESEARCH METHODOLOGY45
2.1RESEARCH DATA45
FIGURE 2RESEARCH PROCESS FLOW45
FIGURE 3RESEARCH DESIGN46
2.1.1SECONDARY DATA46
2.1.1.1Key data from secondary sources47
2.1.2PRIMARY DATA47
2.1.2.1Key data from primary sources48
2.1.2.2Primary sources48
FIGURE 4KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS49
FIGURE 5BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARY INTERVIEWS49
2.1.3RECESSION IMPACT ANALYSIS49
2.2RESEARCH APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY50
2.2.1BOTTOM-UP APPROACH50
FIGURE 6BOTTOM-UP APPROACH51
2.2.2TOP-DOWN APPROACH51
FIGURE 7TOP-DOWN APPROACH51
2.3DATA TRIANGULATION52
FIGURE 8DATA TRIANGULATION52
2.4MARKET SIZING AND FORECASTING53
2.5RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS AND ASSOCIATED RISKS, BY SEGMENT53
2.6RISKS53
2.7RESEARCH LIMITATIONS53
3EXECUTIVE SUMMARY54
FIGURE 9THRUSTERS TO SURPASS OTHER SEGMENTS BETWEEN 2023 AND 202854
FIGURE 10NON-CHEMICAL TO BE FASTEST-GROWING SEGMENT DURING FORECAST PERIOD55
FIGURE 11SATELLITES TO HOLD LARGEST MARKET SHARE IN 202855
FIGURE 12COMMERCIAL SEGMENT TO SECURE LEADING MARKET POSITION IN 202856
FIGURE 13ASIA PACIFIC TO BE LARGEST MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD56
4PREMIUM INSIGHTS57
4.1ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN SPACE PROPULSION MARKET57
FIGURE 14INCREASE IN SPACE EXPLORATION MISSIONS WORLDWIDE57
4.2SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM57
FIGURE 15LAUNCH VEHICLES TO HOLD MAJOR MARKET SHARE IN 202357
4.3SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE58
FIGURE 16NON-CHEMICAL SEGMENT TO RECORD HIGHEST CAGR BETWEEN 2023 AND 202858
4.4SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER58
FIGURE 17COMMERCIAL SEGMENT TO WITNESS STRONG GROWTH DURING FORECAST PERIOD58
4.5SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY REGION59
FIGURE 18ASIA PACIFIC TO SECURE MAXIMUM SHARE IN 202359
5MARKET OVERVIEW60
5.1INTRODUCTION60
5.2MARKET DYNAMICS61
FIGURE 19SPACE PROPULSION MARKET: DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES61
5.2.1DRIVERS61
5.2.1.1Increasing number of space exploration missions61
TABLE 3SPACE MISSIONS, 2023–202662
5.2.1.2Increasing demand for LEO-based services62
TABLE 4LEO AND MEO CONSTELLATIONS62
5.2.1.3Focus on reducing mission costs63
5.2.1.4Demand for advanced electric propulsion systems63
5.2.1.5Technological advancements in space propulsion63
5.2.1.6Significant investments by venture capital companies in space exploration missions64
FIGURE 20VENTURE FUNDING IN SPACE TECH64
5.2.1.7Increasing use of small satellites in various applications64
FIGURE 21SMALL SATELLITE LAUNCHES, 2015–202065
5.2.1.8Growing number of companies offering space launch vehicles65
FIGURE 22ESTABLISHED SPACE FIRMS, 2020–201865
5.2.1.9Increasing demand for commercial-off-the-shelf components for CubeSats66
FIGURE 23CUBESAT LAUNCHES, 2016–202366
5.2.2RESTRAINTS66
5.2.2.1Complex government framework and stringent policies66
TABLE 5BARRIERS TO COPERNICUS PROJECT67
5.2.2.2Lack of dedicated small satellite launch vehicles67
FIGURE 24SMALL SATELLITE LAUNCHER STATUS68
5.2.3OPPORTUNITIES68
5.2.3.1Surge in R&D in space propulsion technologies68
5.2.3.2Technological upgrades in electric propulsion to improve efficiency and reduce cost68
5.2.3.3Government investments in space technologies69
FIGURE 25INVESTMENTS IN SPACE, 2000–2019 (USD BILLION)69
FIGURE 26GLOBAL SPACE ECONOMY, 2015–2021 (USD BILLION)70
5.2.3.4Advancements in plasma thruster technology70
5.2.3.5Rising adoption of nuclear technology in propulsion systems71
5.2.4CHALLENGES71
5.2.4.1Concerns over increasing space debris71
5.2.4.2Emissions due to space missions72
5.2.4.3Risk of satellite launch vehicle failure72
TABLE 6EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITE LAUNCH FAILURES, 2019–202373
5.3SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS73
FIGURE 27SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS73
5.4TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMERS’ BUSINESSES74
FIGURE 28REVENUE SHIFT IN SPACE PROPULSION MARKET74
5.5ECOSYSTEM MAPPING75
5.5.1PROMINENT COMPANIES75
5.5.2PRIVATE AND SMALL ENTERPRISES75
5.5.3END USERS75
FIGURE 29SPACE PROPULSION MARKET ECOSYSTEM75
TABLE 7SPACE PROPULSION MARKET: ROLE OF COMPANIES IN ECOSYSTEM76
5.6AVERAGE SELLING PRICE ANALYSIS76
TABLE 8AVERAGE PRICE OF THRUSTERS (USD MILLION)76
TABLE 9AVERAGE PRICE OF SATELLITES (USD MILLION)77
TABLE 10AVERAGE PRICE OF SATELLITE SUBSYSTEMS (%)77
TABLE 11AVERAGE PRICE OF CUBESATS (USD MILLION)77
TABLE 12AVERAGE PRICE OF CUBESAT SUBSYSTEMS (%)78
TABLE 13COST COMPOSITION OF SPACECRAFT (%)78
TABLE 14COST COMPARISON OF LAUNCH VEHICLES (USD MILLION)78
TABLE 15NASA’S SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM AND COMPONENT COSTING79
TABLE 16COST COMPOSITION OF LEO PAYLOADS (USD)79
5.7PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS80
TABLE 17IMPACT OF PORTER’S FIVE FORCES80
FIGURE 30PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS80
5.7.1THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS81
5.7.2THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES81
5.7.3BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS81
5.7.4BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS82
5.7.5INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY82
5.8TARIFF AND REGULATORY LANDSCAPE82
5.8.1.1North America82
5.8.1.2Europe83
5.8.1.3Asia Pacific83
5.8.1.4Middle East84
5.9TRADE ANALYSIS84
TABLE 18COUNTRY-WISE IMPORTS, 2020–2022 (USD THOUSAND)84
TABLE 19COUNTRY-WISE EXPORTS, 2020–2022 (USD THOUSAND)85
5.10KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA85
5.10.1KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS85
FIGURE 31INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS OF TOP THREE PLATFORMS85
TABLE 20INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS OF TOP THREE PLATFORMS (%)86
5.10.2BUYING CRITERIA86
FIGURE 32KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE PLATFORMS86
TABLE 21KEY BUYING CRITERIA FOR TOP THREE PLATFORMS86
5.11KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2023–202487
TABLE 22KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2023–202487
6INDUSTRY TRENDS88
6.1INTRODUCTION88
6.2TECHNOLOGY TRENDS88
6.2.1ULTRA COLD STORAGE TANKS FOR LIQUID HYDROGEN88
6.2.2MICRO PROPULSION FOR CUBESATS89
6.2.3SPACE ELEVATOR PROPULSION THROUGH MECHANICAL WAVES89
6.2.4LOW-COST ELECTRIC PROPULSION THRUSTERS FOR DEEP-SPACE ROBOTIC MISSIONS89
6.2.5DEDICATED LAUNCH VEHICLES FOR SMALL SATELLITES90
TABLE 23STATE-OF-THE-ART SMALL SATELLITE-CUBESAT TECHNOLOGIES90
6.2.6PLASMA THRUSTERS FOR SPACE EXPLORATION91
6.2.7NUCLEAR PROPULSION92
6.2.8USE OF GREEN FUEL IN SPACECRAFT92
6.2.9IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLANT TECHNOLOGY92
6.2.10HYPERSONIC INFLATABLE AERODYNAMIC DECELERATOR (HIAD) RECOVERY TECHNOLOGY93
6.2.11REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES93
TABLE 24LAUNCH VEHICLES94
6.3TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS94
6.3.1DIPOLE DRIVE FOR SPACE PROPULSION94
6.3.2ION PROPULSION94
6.3.3CUBESAT-BASED NEW PROPULSION SYSTEMS95
6.3.3.1NASA solar sail mission95
6.3.3.2Water as fuel95
6.3.3.3Iodine electric propulsion system95
6.4USE CASES96
6.4.1WATER ELECTROLYSIS PROPULSION96
6.4.2SOLAR SAIL TECHNOLOGY96
6.4.3BUSEK BHT-200 – HIGH-PERFORMANCE AND MATURE PROPULSION SYSTEM97
6.4.4PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY IN SUPER HEAVY-LIFT EXPENDABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES97
6.4.5PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY FOR CUBESATS98
6.4.6SATELLITE ORBIT MANEUVERING98
6.5IMPACT OF MEGATRENDS99
6.5.1MINIATURIZATION IN SPACE TECHNOLOGY99
6.5.2SPACE 4.099
6.5.3RIDESHARE PROGRAM99
6.6INNOVATIONS AND PATENT REGISTRATIONS100
TABLE 25INNOVATIONS AND PATENT REGISTRATIONS, 2019–2023100
6.7ROADMAP: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET102
TABLE 26EVOLUTION OF SPACE PROPULSION: ROADMAP FROM 2010 TO 2030102
7SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM103
7.1INTRODUCTION104
FIGURE 33SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028104
TABLE 27SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020−2022 (USD MILLION)104
TABLE 28SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023−2028 (USD MILLION)105
7.2SATELLITES105
TABLE 29SATELLITES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)105
TABLE 30SATELLITES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)106
7.2.1CUBESATS106
7.2.1.1Rapid deployment in interplanetary missions to drive growth106
7.2.2SMALL SATELLITES106
7.2.2.1Advancements in small satellites to drive growth106
TABLE 31SMALL SATELLITES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)107
TABLE 32SMALL SATELLITES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)107
7.2.2.2Nanosatellites107
7.2.2.3Microsatellites108
7.2.2.4Minisatellites108
7.2.3MEDIUM SATELLITES108
7.2.3.1Increase in scientific research and exploration to drive growth108
7.2.4LARGE SATELLITES109
7.2.4.1Widespread adoption in deep-space exploration to drive growth109
7.3CAPSULES/CARGOS109
TABLE 33CAPSULES/CARGOS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)109
TABLE 34CAPSULES/CARGOS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)109
7.3.1CREWED SPACECRAFT/HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT110
7.3.1.1Increase in space travel to drive growth110
7.3.2UNCREWED/UNMANNED SPACECRAFT110
7.3.2.1Increased use in space missions to drive growth110
7.4INTERPLANETARY SPACECRAFT & PROBES111
7.4.1RIGOROUS DEVELOPMENT OF SPACE PROBES FOR SOLAR SYSTEM EXPLORATION TO DRIVE GROWTH111
7.5ROVERS/SPACECRAFT LANDERS111
7.5.1WIDE-SCALE USE IN SPACE EXPLORATION MISSIONS TO DRIVE GROWTH111
7.6LAUNCH VEHICLES111
TABLE 35LAUNCH VEHICLES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)112
TABLE 36LAUNCH VEHICLES: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)112
7.6.1SMALL LAUNCH VEHICLES112
7.6.1.1Growing LEO satellite launch missions to drive growth112
7.6.2MEDIUM-TO-HEAVY LAUNCH VEHICLES112
7.6.2.1Rising demand from telecommunications sector to drive growth112
7.6.3REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES113
7.6.3.1Reduced mission costs to drive growth113
8SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE114
8.1INTRODUCTION115
FIGURE 34SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028115
TABLE 37SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020−2022 (USD MILLION)115
TABLE 38SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023−2028 (USD MILLION)116
8.2CHEMICAL116
TABLE 39CHEMICAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)116
TABLE 40CHEMICAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)116
8.2.1SOLID117
8.2.1.1Growing satellite launches and interplanetary missions to drive growth117
8.2.1.2Homogeneous117
8.2.1.3Heterogeneous/Composites117
8.2.2LIQUID118
8.2.2.1High demand from active and future launch vehicles to drive growth118
TABLE 41LIQUID PROPELLANTS USED IN FLIGHT VEHICLES118
8.2.2.2Monopropellant119
8.2.2.2.1Non-green119
8.2.2.2.2Green119
8.2.2.3Bipropellant119
8.2.2.3.1Cryogenic120
8.2.2.3.2Hypergolic120
8.2.3HYBRID120
8.2.3.1Efficient performance, reduced weight, and advanced cooling methodology to drive growth120
8.2.4COLD GAS121
8.2.4.1Growing use in low-thrust maneuvers to drive growth121
8.3NON-CHEMICAL121
TABLE 42NON-CHEMICAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)121
TABLE 43NON-CHEMICAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)122
8.3.1ELECTRIC122
8.3.1.1Efficient use of fuel to drive growth122
8.3.1.2Electrothermal122
8.3.1.2.1Argon123
8.3.1.2.2Hydrogen123
8.3.1.2.3Others123
8.3.1.3Electromagnetic123
8.3.1.3.1PTFE123
8.3.1.4Electrostatic124
8.3.1.4.1Xenon124
8.3.1.4.2Krypton124
8.3.1.4.3Others124
8.3.2SOLAR124
8.3.2.1Growing preference for fuel-free operations to drive growth124
8.3.2.2Solar sail propulsion125
8.3.2.3Solar electric propulsion125
8.3.2.4Solar thermal propulsion125
8.3.3TETHER126
8.3.3.1Low cost of in-space propulsion to drive growth126
8.3.4NUCLEAR126
8.3.4.1High energy density to drive growth126
8.3.5LASER127
8.3.5.1Reduced travel time to drive growth127
9SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY SYSTEM COMPONENT128
9.1INTRODUCTION129
FIGURE 35SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2023–2028129
TABLE 44SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020−2022 (USD MILLION)129
TABLE 45SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2023−2028 (USD MILLION)130
9.2THRUSTERS130
TABLE 46THRUSTERS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)130
TABLE 47THRUSTERS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)130
9.2.1CHEMICAL PROPULSION THRUSTERS131
9.2.1.1Large-scale integration in satellites to drive growth131
TABLE 48CHEMICAL PROPULSION THRUSTERS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)131
TABLE 49CHEMICAL PROPULSION THRUSTERS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)131
9.2.1.2Cold & warm gas thrusters131
9.2.1.3Monopropellant thrusters132
9.2.1.4Bipropellant thrusters132
9.2.2ELECTRIC PROPULSION THRUSTERS132
9.2.2.1Prolonged operational life of satellites to drive growth132
9.2.2.2Gridded ion engine or ion thrusters132
9.2.2.3Hall-effect thrusters133
9.2.2.4Pulsed plasma thrusters133
9.2.2.5Magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters133
9.3PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEMS133
TABLE 50PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEMS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)134
TABLE 51PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEMS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)134
TABLE 52PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEMS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)134
TABLE 53PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEMS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)135
9.3.1PROPELLANT TANKS135
9.3.1.1Need for steady fuel supply to drive growth135
TABLE 54PROPELLANT TANKS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)135
TABLE 55PROPELLANT TANKS: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)135
9.3.1.2Monopropellant tanks136
9.3.1.3Bipropellant tanks136
9.3.1.4Oxidizer tanks136
9.3.2PRESSURE & FLOW REGULATORS136
9.3.2.1Ongoing development of lightweight high-flow regulators to drive growth136
9.3.3VALVES137
9.3.3.1Improved design and features to drive growth137
9.3.4TURBOPUMPS137
9.3.4.1Widespread use in flow rate and injection pressure management to drive growth137
9.3.5COMBUSTION CHAMBERS137
9.3.5.1Additive manufacturing technologies and use of advanced materials to drive growth137
9.4ROCKET MOTORS138
9.4.1SPIKE IN ROCKET LAUNCHES TO DRIVE GROWTH138
9.5NOZZLES138
9.5.1ADVANCEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES TO DRIVE GROWTH138
9.6PROPULSION THERMAL CONTROL139
9.6.1DEMAND FOR TEMPERATURE STABILITY IN SPACECRAFT TO DRIVE GROWTH139
9.7POWER PROCESSING UNITS139
9.7.1NEED FOR RELIABLE POWER SUPPLY IN SPACE OPERATIONS TO DRIVE GROWTH139
9.8OTHERS139
10SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY ORBIT140
10.1INTRODUCTION141
FIGURE 36SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY ORBIT, 2023–2028141
TABLE 56SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY ORBIT, 2020−2022 (USD MILLION)141
TABLE 57SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY ORBIT, 2023−2028 (USD MILLION)142
10.2LOW EARTH ORBIT (LEO)142
10.2.1RISE OF PRIVATE PLAYERS IN SPACE SECTOR TO DRIVE GROWTH142
10.3MEDIUM EARTH ORBIT (MEO)142
10.3.1DEMAND FOR SATELLITE INTERNET AND COMMUNICATIONS TO DRIVE GROWTH142
10.4GEOSYNCHRONOUS EARTH ORBIT (GEO)143
10.4.1NEED FOR PAYLOADS WITH LONG LIFE EXPECTANCY TO DRIVE GROWTH143
10.5BEYOND GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT143
10.5.1NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEEP-SPACE EXPLORATION TO DRIVE GROWTH143
11SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER145
11.1INTRODUCTION146
FIGURE 37SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028146
TABLE 58SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020−2022 (USD MILLION)146
TABLE 59SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023−2028 (USD MILLION)146
11.2COMMERCIAL147
TABLE 60COMMERCIAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)147
TABLE 61COMMERCIAL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)147
TABLE 62FUNDING FOR SPACE LAUNCHES BY COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS, 2019–2021 (USD MILLION)148
11.2.1SATELLITE OPERATORS & OWNERS149
11.2.1.1Extensive use of satellites in commercial applications to drive growth149
11.2.2SPACE LAUNCH SERVICE PROVIDERS149
11.2.2.1Emergence of private companies in launch services to drive growth149
11.3GOVERNMENT & DEFENSE149
TABLE 63GOVERNMENT & DEFENSE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)150
TABLE 64GOVERNMENT & DEFENSE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)150
TABLE 65SPACE BUDGET OF NATIONAL SPACE AGENCIES (USD MILLION)150
TABLE 66US NATIONAL SECURITY SPACE BUDGET, BY MILITARY SERVICE, 2020 (USD MILLION)150
11.3.1DEPARTMENTS OF DEFENSE151
11.3.1.1Need for real-time data and imaging to drive growth151
11.3.2NATIONAL SPACE AGENCIES151
11.3.2.1High demand for Earth observation and remote sensing to drive growth151
11.3.3OTHERS151
12SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY SUPPORT SERVICE152
12.1INTRODUCTION152
12.2DESIGN, ENGINEERING, OPERATION, & MAINTENANCE152
12.3HOT FIRING & ENVIRONMENTAL TEST EXECUTION152
12.4FUELING & LAUNCH AND GROUND SUPPORT153
13SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY REGION154
13.1INTRODUCTION155
FIGURE 38SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028155
13.2REGIONAL RECESSION IMPACT ANALYSIS156
FIGURE 39REGIONAL RECESSION IMPACT ANALYSIS156
TABLE 67SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY REGION, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)157
TABLE 68SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY REGION, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)157
13.3NORTH AMERICA157
13.3.1PESTLE ANALYSIS158
FIGURE 40NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET SNAPSHOT159
TABLE 69NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)159
TABLE 70NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)160
TABLE 71NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)160
TABLE 72NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)160
TABLE 73NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)160
TABLE 74NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)161
TABLE 75NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)161
TABLE 76NORTH AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)161
13.3.2US161
13.3.2.1Surge in scheduled space expedition programs to drive growth161
TABLE 77US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 78US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 79US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 80US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)162
TABLE 81US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)163
TABLE 82US: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)163
13.3.3CANADA163
13.3.3.1Government initiatives to drive growth163
TABLE 83CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)164
TABLE 84CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)164
TABLE 85CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)164
TABLE 86CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)165
TABLE 87CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)165
TABLE 88CANADA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)165
13.4EUROPE165
13.4.1PESTLE ANALYSIS166
FIGURE 41EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET SNAPSHOT167
TABLE 89EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)167
TABLE 90EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 91EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 92EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 93EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)168
TABLE 94EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)169
TABLE 95EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)169
TABLE 96EUROPE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)169
13.4.2RUSSIA169
13.4.2.1Increased space launch programs to drive growth169
TABLE 97RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)170
TABLE 98RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)170
TABLE 99RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)170
TABLE 100RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)171
TABLE 101RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)171
TABLE 102RUSSIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)171
13.4.3GERMANY171
13.4.3.1Emphasis on innovative space solutions to drive growth171
TABLE 103GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)172
TABLE 104GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)172
TABLE 105GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)172
TABLE 106GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)172
TABLE 107GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)173
TABLE 108GERMANY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)173
13.4.4FRANCE173
13.4.4.1Growing partnerships between national space agencies to drive growth173
TABLE 109FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)174
TABLE 110FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)174
TABLE 111FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)174
TABLE 112FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)174
TABLE 113FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)175
TABLE 114FRANCE: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)175
13.4.5UK175
13.4.5.1Combined public and private sector efforts in space exploration to drive growth175
TABLE 115UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)176
TABLE 116UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)176
TABLE 117UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)176
TABLE 118UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)176
TABLE 119UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)177
TABLE 120UK: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)177
13.4.6ITALY177
13.4.6.1Active domestic participation in space operations to drive growth177
TABLE 121ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)178
TABLE 122ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)178
TABLE 123ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)178
TABLE 124ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)178
TABLE 125ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)179
TABLE 126ITALY: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)179
13.5ASIA PACIFIC179
13.5.1PESTLE ANALYSIS179
FIGURE 42ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET SNAPSHOT181
TABLE 127ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)181
TABLE 128ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)182
TABLE 129ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)182
TABLE 130ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)182
TABLE 131ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)182
TABLE 132ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)183
TABLE 133ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)183
TABLE 134ASIA PACIFIC: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)183
13.5.2CHINA183
13.5.2.1Surge in satellite launches to drive growth183
TABLE 135CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)184
TABLE 136CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)184
TABLE 137CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)184
TABLE 138CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)185
TABLE 139CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)185
TABLE 140CHINA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)185
13.5.3INDIA185
13.5.3.1Rising demand for satellites for Earth observation and navigation to drive growth185
TABLE 141INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)186
TABLE 142INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)186
TABLE 143INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)186
TABLE 144INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)187
TABLE 145INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)187
TABLE 146INDIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)187
13.5.4JAPAN187
13.5.4.1Involvement of private companies in government space programs to drive growth187
TABLE 147JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)188
TABLE 148JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)188
TABLE 149JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)188
TABLE 150JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)188
TABLE 151JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)189
TABLE 152JAPAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)189
13.5.5SOUTH KOREA189
13.5.5.1Increased government funding in space industry to drive growth189
TABLE 153SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)189
TABLE 154SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)190
TABLE 155SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)190
TABLE 156SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)190
TABLE 157SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)190
TABLE 158SOUTH KOREA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)191
13.5.6AUSTRALIA191
13.5.6.1Government measures for development of space industry to drive growth191
TABLE 159AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)191
TABLE 160AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)192
TABLE 161AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)192
TABLE 162AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)192
TABLE 163AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)192
TABLE 164AUSTRALIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)193
13.6MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA193
13.6.1PESTLE ANALYSIS193
TABLE 165MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)194
TABLE 166MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)194
TABLE 167MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)194
TABLE 168MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)195
TABLE 169MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)195
TABLE 170MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)195
TABLE 171MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)195
TABLE 172MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)196
13.6.2SAUDI ARABIA196
13.6.2.1Technological advancements in space systems to drive growth196
TABLE 173SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)196
TABLE 174SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)197
TABLE 175SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)197
TABLE 176SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)197
TABLE 177SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)197
TABLE 178SAUDI ARABIA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)198
13.6.3ISRAEL198
13.6.3.1Emphasis on space programs to drive growth198
TABLE 179ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)198
TABLE 180ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)199
TABLE 181ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)199
TABLE 182ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)199
TABLE 183ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)199
TABLE 184ISRAEL: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)200
13.6.4IRAN200
13.6.4.1Sustained attempts in space launches to drive growth200
TABLE 185IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)200
TABLE 186IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)201
TABLE 187IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)201
TABLE 188IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)201
TABLE 189IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)201
TABLE 190IRAN: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)202
13.6.5SOUTH AFRICA202
13.6.5.1Launch of advanced thruster systems to drive growth202
TABLE 191SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)202
TABLE 192SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)203
TABLE 193SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)203
TABLE 194SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)203
TABLE 195SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)203
TABLE 196SOUTH AFRICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY END USER, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)204
13.7LATIN AMERICA204
13.7.1PESTLE ANALYSIS204
TABLE 197LATIN AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)205
TABLE 198LATIN AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PLATFORM, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)205
TABLE 199LATIN AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2020–2022 (USD MILLION)206
TABLE 200LATIN AMERICA: SPACE PROPULSION MARKET, BY PROPULSION TYPE, 2023–2028 (USD MILLION)206
TABLE 201LATIN AMERICA
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